Evidence coverage: 1535–1873. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.
This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.
The 1535 southern German arrangements established 60-kreuzer gulden reckoning that continued in Bavaria into the nineteenth century. Later regional coin valuations were not always identical.
Evidence within this identity, not separate currencies.
The 1535 southern German arrangements established 60-kreuzer gulden reckoning that continued in Bavaria into the nineteenth century. Later regional coin valuations were not always identical.
Sources and qualifications →Dated evidence, not exact birth or extinction dates.
The 1535 southern German arrangements established 60-kreuzer gulden reckoning that continued in Bavaria into the nineteenth century. Later regional coin valuations were not always identical.
C2118Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.
South German florins entered at twelve marks per seven florins. Exact rational stated in prose; no rounded decimal valuation.
History of money section, paragraphs on 1873, 1914 and 1924
The 1535 southern German arrangements established 60-kreuzer gulden reckoning that continued in Bavaria into the nineteenth century. Later regional coin valuations were not always identical.
Sections on 1535, the 60-kreuzer account, and 1753–1754 convention valuations
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Austrian 60-kreuzer reckoning spread into southern Germany in 1535. The connection to the later southern account is qualified for intervening regional development, not an assertion that all gulden remained equal.
Printed pp. 70–80, especially p. 80 on Austrian reckoning and 1535; Sections on 1535, the 60-kreuzer account, and 1753–1754 convention valuations
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Printed pp. 70–80, especially p. 80 on Austrian reckoning and 1535; Sections on 1535, the 60-kreuzer account, and 1753–1754 convention valuations
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.