Evidence coverage: 1821–1855. This is the span of collected observations, not the currency’s lifetime.
This record includes associated currencies and earlier interpretations. The article selects the evidence relevant to its own history.
No distinct predecessor currency is established in the loaded view.
No distinct successor currency is established in the loaded view.
Evidence within this identity, not separate currencies.
The 1821 history-office salary schedule assigns monthly amounts in quan and tiền, including 1 quan 5 tiền. This is a fiscal account witness, not merely cash circulation.
Sources and qualifications →An 1838 allowance schedule includes 17 quan 6 tiền; the archival article identifies its published court-compendium source.
Sources and qualifications →A royal order dated Tự Đức year 8 (1855) specifies annual official allowances of 80, 75, 70 and 65 quan.
Sources and qualifications →Aymonier attributes ten-tiền ligature subdivision to Annamese imitation. This establishes limited accounting influence, not ancestry of the whole Cambodian bat account. Thai derivation and piastre absorption remain unverified.
Sources and qualifications →Dated evidence, not exact birth or extinction dates.
The 1821 history-office salary schedule assigns monthly amounts in quan and tiền, including 1 quan 5 tiền. This is a fiscal account witness, not merely cash circulation.
C2052An 1838 allowance schedule includes 17 quan 6 tiền; the archival article identifies its published court-compendium source.
C2053A royal order dated Tự Đức year 8 (1855) specifies annual official allowances of 80, 75, 70 and 65 quan.
C2054Dated observations, not a proven complete lifespan.
The 1821 history-office salary schedule assigns monthly amounts in quan and tiền, including 1 quan 5 tiền. This is a fiscal account witness, not merely cash circulation.
Paragraph beginning Về lương bổng:1821 monthly salaries
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Official archival synthesis inspected; underlying salary manuscript not independently inspected.
An 1838 allowance schedule includes 17 quan 6 tiền; the archival article identifies its published court-compendium source.
1838 paragraph/n.6;1855 order/n.9, Tự Đức year8 month9 day6
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
A royal order dated Tự Đức year 8 (1855) specifies annual official allowances of 80, 75, 70 and 65 quan.
1838 paragraph/n.6;1855 order/n.9, Tự Đức year8 month9 day6
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.
Aymonier attributes ten-tiền ligature subdivision to Annamese imitation. This establishes limited accounting influence, not ancestry of the whole Cambodian bat account. Thai derivation and piastre absorption remain unverified.
Appendix, printed pp.63–64, Monnaies (kas, prak); account table distinguished from weights
Not a complete origin, lifespan or current-status audit.