Claims and bibliography

Project source

Attachment

CSV header and data rows 1 to 433

Imported in full

Preserved assertions; not independently verified

Bank of Japan Currency Museum

https://www.imes.boj.or.jp/cm/english/FAQs/FAQcurrency/

Q1, Q3, Q4 and Q5

Relevant sections inspected

Use questions individually; broad overview, not a reform-law facsimile

Bank of Japan Currency Museum

https://www.imes.boj.or.jp/cm/english/history/content/

Ancient, medieval, early modern and modern named subsections

Relevant sections inspected

Causal interpretations need specialist corroboration

National Printing Bureau Japan

https://www.npb.go.jp/en/products/intro/ostu_history/osatsu_history1.html

1600s and 1661 entries; updated 28 March 2024

Entries inspected

A first-issue claim still needs definition and catalogue support

National Printing Bureau Japan

https://www.npb.go.jp/en/products/intro/ostu_history/osatsu_history2.html

1868, 1870 and 1871 headings; issue dates in body text

Entries inspected

Commissioning and issue dates differ; headings are not always issue dates

Daishi Chieda

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/keizaishikenkyu/27/0/27_JS027014/_pdf/-char/en

Study of Economic History 27 (2024), pp. 202–187; introduction, sections 2–3, Figure b and note 1

Relevant text and figure transcription inspected; no original object examination

One article; no independent review. Figure a caption gives 1615 while text and key give 1623. That specimen is not used for a dated event.

Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties

https://www.nabunken.go.jp/english/monograph/71.html

Summary C: East Bank Workshop 1; D(i): Gold and silver; Coinage-related artefacts

Relevant passages inspected; no physical object examination

Summary rather than the complete Japanese report. Stratigraphic dating is an interpretation; minting is not circulation.

松村恵司 (Keiji Matsumura)

https://www.imes.boj.or.jp/research/papers/japanese/04-J-14.pdf

IMES Discussion Paper 2004-J-14, April 2004; printed p.1 (PDF p.5)

Relevant passages inspected; no physical object examination

Author’s interpretation, not an official Bank of Japan position. English paraphrase requires specialist language review.

横須賀倫達; Agency for Cultural Affairs

https://www.bunka.go.jp/prmagazine/rensai/news/news_020.html

8 May 2026; discussion of Fuhon-sen and the Kaiyuan model

Relevant passages inspected; no physical object examination

Modeled-on wording is interpretive. It establishes neither replacement nor an exchange ratio.

MIHO Museum

https://www.miho.jp/booth/html/artcon/00011446.htm

Object heading, date and ownership lines

Relevant passages inspected; no physical object examination

Private collection, not museum ownership; no accession number displayed. Webpage ID is not an object identifier.

Tokyo National Museum

https://www.tnm.jp/modules/r_exhibition/index.php?controller=item&id=8396&lang=ja

Japanese object list: 開元通宝, E-7569

Relevant passages inspected; no physical object examination

Twelfth-century context and type’s first minting in 621 must not become an individual manufacture date. Burial is not proof of circulation.

Toyama City archaeological centre, Board of Education

https://www.city.toyama.toyama.jp/etc/maibun/center/now/maizousen/maizousen.htm

八尾町高善寺地内〔昭和59(1984)年出土〕; July 2023 identification status

Relevant passages inspected; no physical object examination

Partial identification census dated July 2023, not a complete or current inventory. Deposit purpose and monetary use remain separate questions.

Hao Zhao et al.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/abs/radiocarbondating-an-early-minting-site-the-emergence-of-standardised-coinage-in-china/178ECC2B245A017BF684BE1EFC732BD1

Abstract, two paragraphs; Antiquity 95(383), 2021, pp.1161–1178

Abstract and bibliographic record inspected; full text not consulted

Date is the authors’ approximate site-level result. Samples, model and confidence intervals require full-text review. No global origin claim is adopted.

National Museum of China

https://en.chnmuseum.cn/collections_577/collection_highlights_608/ancient_currencies_613/201911/t20191121_172453.html

Object heading: Qin(221–206 BC); diameter and weight line

Complete short catalogue entry inspected

No accession number or findspot supplied. Period attribution and reported mass do not establish a universal mint standard.

Kyoto National Museum

https://knmdb.kyohaku.go.jp/eng/21002.html

Overview; Museum No.; Period; set caveat

Complete entry inspected

Period says Qin but numeric year, quantity and findspot are blank. Entry may represent an item or set; present museum location is not ancient circulation evidence.

Bank of Korea Money Museum

https://www.bok.or.kr/eng/bbs/B0000338/view.do?menuNo=400390&nttId=10085240&pageIndex=2

Description, third paragraph (liang and zhu)

Description inspected

Nominal unit explanation, not measured specimen mass. First-issue chronology in the opening paragraph is not adopted without specialist review.

Yung-ti Li

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233527413_On_the_Function_of_Cowries_in_Shang_and_Western_Zhou_China

Article abstract only; Journal of East Asian Archaeology 5(1–4), 2003, pp.1–26

Abstract inspected; full text not available in inspected page

Records the author’s argument, not established consensus. The paper’s textual examples and subsequent scholarship remain to be inspected. Citation snippets below the abstract are not used.

National Printing Bureau, Banknote and Postage Stamp Museum

https://www.npb.go.jp/museum/collection/gallery/osatu/fukuihansatsu.html

Object description and issue-date table

Relevant text inspected; image inscription inspected only where specified

c.1665 is the selected object attribution; 1661 concerns earlier surviving issues. No accession supplied; Japanese paraphrase awaits review.

National Printing Bureau, Banknote and Postage Stamp Museum

https://www.npb.go.jp/museum/collection/gallery/osatu/kyukoku.html

Object heading, issue-date table, reverse image issuer inscription

Relevant text inspected; image inscription inspected only where specified

1873 is the catalogue issue date, not a separately established manufacture date for the illustrated sheet. No accession supplied. Image inspected but not reproduced.

Masato Shizume

https://www.waseda.jp/fpse/winpec/assets/uploads/2014/05/No.E1719.pdf

WINPEC Working Paper E1719, October 2017; printed pp.4–5, 14, 17, 19, 21

Relevant text inspected; image inscription inspected only where specified

Selected passages inspected; not an official Bank of Japan position. Exchange regimes are historical context, not investment guidance or ancestry.

Bank of Japan

https://www.boj.or.jp/en/about/education/oshiete/money/c02.htm

History sections (1) and (3)

Relevant text inspected; image inscription inspected only where specified

Separate bank establishment, first note issue and withdrawal of competing notes. Broad sole-issuer wording must not erase overlap before 1899.

Bank of Japan

https://www.boj.or.jp/en/note_tfjgs/note/valid/issue.htm

1,000 Yen Note: Kitasato portrait, first issue July 3, 2024

Relevant text inspected; image inscription inspected only where specified

Current listing inspected on access date. A new design is not a new monetary unit. No image rights assumed.

Hao Zhao et al.; host: Vietnam National Museum of History

https://baotanglichsuquocgia.vn/en/Articles/3184/72524/radiocarbon-dating-an-early-minting-site-the-emergence-of-standardised-coinage-in-china.html

Minting evidence; Radiocarbon-dating the Guanzhuang mint; Discussion

Main-text passages inspected, including dating argument; supplementary tables and model code not inspected

Same study as S25, not independent corroboration. Publication body is now consulted; raw dating data/model remain to audit. No worldwide priority claim adopted.

Yuanyuan Zhang et al.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/oa.70049

Abstract; International Journal of Osteoarchaeology 35(6), 571–583; first published 11 November 2025

Abstract inspected; full-text link returned abstract; supplementary spreadsheet not inspected

Attributed study results only. Mortuary distribution does not establish everyday payment or settle all Shang/Western Zhou monetary functions.

Chen Chengjun; National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/yj/xscg/xslw/201812/t20181224_33110.shtml

Main text paragraphs 1–3; from 文物里的古代中国, middle volume

Complete short essay inspected in Chinese

Historical synthesis, not original edicts. English paraphrases need language review; early San Zhu episodes must not be confused with the 119 BCE reissue.

National Museum of China

https://en.chnmuseum.cn/collections_577/collection_highlights_608/ancient_currencies_613/201911/t20191121_172461.html

Object heading and period line

Complete short entry inspected

No accession or findspot supplied. Period attribution belongs to a mould; it does not date first issuance or circulation of every Qi knife coin.

National Museum of China

https://en.chnmuseum.cn/collections_577/collection_highlights_608/ancient_currencies_613/202008/t20200817_247008.html

State of Chu heading; first descriptive paragraph

Relevant description inspected

Selected Chu type and institutional circulation statement. Do not infer that natural shells everywhere were currency, or adopt every broad origin claim on this page.

National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/hb/202008/t20200824_247107.shtml

Opening sentence

Complete short entry inspected in Chinese

An attributed exact first-mintage chronology; underlying historical/archaeological basis not supplied. Compare S41; do not merge exact dates and upper bounds.

National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/portals/0/web/zt/202102gdqianbi/

Banliang and Shanglin Sanguan Wuzhu exhibit captions

Relevant caption text inspected

Banliang caption gives a no-later-than bound, not a second exact onset. No global priority or continuous-duration claim adopted. Chinese translation pending review.

National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/hb/201812/t20181218_26289.shtml

Description: Shanglin reform and change to Kaiyuan in Wude 4

Complete short description inspected

Family-level reform account. No inference that every Wuzhu issue or locality changed at once; elapsed-year totals are not used as continuous circulation evidence.

Ke Peng and Yanshi Zhu; Sino-Platonic Papers 68 (1995)

https://sino-platonic.org/complete/spp068_cowries_china.pdf

Printed pp. 5–8; PDF pp. 7–10

Full PDF accessed; data-selection and Neolithic discussion inspected

Older synthesis and cultural dating, not direct dates of shell payments. Original excavation reports not independently audited.

National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/hb/202008/t20200824_247119.shtml

Reform chronology, main paragraph

Relevant body passages inspected

Historical synthesis; original legislation and translations await independent review.

He Ping; Renmin University; hosted by NOPSS

https://www.nopss.gov.cn/BIG5/n1/2023/0911/c219544-40075019.html

Private jiaozi, feiqian distinction, official office/issuance sections

Relevant body passages inspected

Author interpretation attributed; worldwide-first and general theories of money are not adopted.

National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/201812/t20181218_26121.shtml

Object description

Relevant body passages inspected

1160 is the museum chronology; do not infer all Song territories used one paper currency.

National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/hb/202208/t20220804_256875.shtml

Issue chronology and denomination ratio

Relevant body passages inspected

Adopt 1287 and stated 5:1 rating only; broad exclusive-currency claim not adopted.

National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/hb/202209/t20220906_257281.shtml

Main description

Relevant body passages inspected

1383 is the specimen attribution; neither silver first use nor a universal tael mass.

National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/hb/202106/t20210610_250285.shtml

Inscription and onset statement

Relevant body passages inspected

Entry leaves first issue at 1853 or 1854; specimen says Xianfeng 4. Preserve uncertainty.

Central Bank of China, Issue Department (1998)

https://museum.cbc.gov.tw/ExhibitsImg/PDF/book_201311418016879.pdf

English preface, PDF pages 7–9

Downloaded image-only PDF; English preface visually read

Historical 1998 catalogue, not current law. Download contains front matter only; later chapters not inspected.

Hsu Feng-yuan; National Archives Administration, Taiwan (2019)

https://www.archives.gov.tw/tw/arctw/69-1989.html

1946 issuance, 1948 reform, 1949 conversion, offshore-note sections

Relevant body passages inspected

Archive-based essay; linked original documents not separately audited.

State Council information republished by Hong Kong Liaison Office (2014)

https://www.locpg.hk/zggq/2014-01/04/m_125956267.htm

First and second RMB series paragraphs

Relevant body passages inspected

Used for 1948/1955 historical milestones only. Its current-series description is outdated.

Hong Kong Museum of History (1993)

https://hk.history.museum/en/web/mh/publications/spa_pspecial_02_01.html

Historical overview, 1841–1937; occupation paragraph

Relevant body passages inspected

Historical publication; not a current denomination list. Occupation narrative does not prove every transaction used military notes.

Hong Kong Monetary Authority

https://www.hkma.gov.hk/eng/key-functions/money/linked-exchange-rate-system/

Opening paragraph; revised 27 June 2024

Relevant body passages inspected

Current band is not retroactively imposed on 1983.

João F. O. Botas; Macao Government Information Bureau (2026)

https://www.gcs.gov.mo/news/detail/pt/M26CWSwaZt

Entrada em Macau

Relevant body passages inspected

1901 agreement, 1905 issuing function and 1906 notes are distinct milestones. Denomination list not adopted.

Monetary Authority of Macao, Research and Statistics Department (2010)

https://cdn.amcm.gov.mo/uploads/files/research_and_stats/research_and_publication/quarterly_report/issue_no_14/mfs_en.pdf

Printed pp. 37–38; information as at 9 January 2010

Relevant body passages inspected

Historical 1.03 peg observation; exact inception and all subsequent legal amendments not inferred.

Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)

https://www.law.cbc.gov.tw/ELaw/ShowAll?LawDataType=1&LawID=LA05001000

Articles 1, 2, 3 and 6

Relevant body passages inspected

Issuer provisions; no new 2000 redenomination inferred.

Salsa Mazlan; IMF Finance & Development, June 2025

https://www.imf.org/en/publications/fandd/issues/2025/06/currency-notes-two-patacas-salsa-mazlan

Historical background

Relevant body passages inspected

Institutional explanatory article, not the banknote-issuance contracts.

National Museum of History; Taiwan Ministry of Culture

https://tcmb.culture.tw/zh-tw/detail?id=14000132872&indexCode=MOCCOLLECTIONS

Catalogue description

Relevant body passages inspected

Regional Sichuan/Tibetan circulation; not all Tibetan currencies or a universal redemption rate.

National Museum of Taiwan History

https://collections.nmth.gov.tw/CollectionContent.aspx?RNO=2013.002.0020&a=132

Accession 2013.002.0020; description paragraphs 1–2

Relevant body passages inspected

1945 object attribution separate from 1935 currency reform.

Shanghai Museum (2019)

https://www.shanghaimuseum.net/mu/frontend/pg/article/id/I00004187

Silver monetization, foreign dollars and late Qing/early Republic reform paragraphs

Relevant body passages inspected

Broad institutional interpretation; no single universal tael standard or exclusive silver-use onset adopted.

James Powell; Bank of Canada

https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/dollar_book.pdf

Printed pages 23 to 24; PDF pages 29 to 30; 2005 edition

Relevant pages inspected

Follow its footnotes to currency laws and cited scholarship

Münzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin

https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18204700&lang=en

Object description and thaler glossary

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

1486 is the dated type; actual striking could be later. Glossary gives 1519 for Joachimsthal, unlike CNB 1520.

Münzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin

https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18254286&lang=en

Florin background

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

1252 is the Florentine prototype chronology, not this Trier specimen date or the birth of the dollar.

Czech National Bank

https://www.cnb.cz/export/sites/cnb/cs/o_cnb/.galleries/publikace/download/expozice_praha_brozura.pdf

PDF p. 5, Joachimsthaler

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Gives 1520; onset discrepancy with Berlin remains open.

Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Spain

https://www.man.es/man/en/exposiciones/recorridos-tematicos/dracma-euro/real.html

Main historical description

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Regional early-fourteenth-century context, not proof of one exact first issue.

Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Spain

https://www.man.es/man/exposiciones/recorridos-tematicos/dracma-euro/real-ocho.html

Sixteenth-century and world-trade paragraphs

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Do not adopt its sweeping exclusivity claim about all payments in China.

Banco de México

https://www.banxico.org.mx/billetes-y-monedas/d/%7B1EEDFA6C-8EDB-B7AD-11B2-528C7B69CC76%7D.pdf

PDF pp. 6–10, 19, 22–23, 50

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

First Mexico pieces apparently 1536; not first eight-reales issue. Selected milestones, not all mints or rebel issues.

Banco de México, archive blog

https://blog.banxico.org.mx/blog/BlogBanxico/entry/a-30-a%C3%B1os-de-la

1992 decree, 1993 conversion, 1996 name change

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Rijksmuseum / De Nederlandsche Bank

https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/collection/object/Lions-dollar-Dutch-Republic-first-dollar-of-the-Dutch-Republic--d6cc25d96ae3722e11b048738c0ed4e3

Object date and description

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

1589 is this specimen. Do not treat erroneous zero-weight metadata as a coin standard or imply exclusive USD ancestry.

United States Congress; GovInfo facsimile

https://www.govinfo.gov/link/statute/1/246

Sections 9, 11, 20; pp. 248–249

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Statutory fine/gross weights, not market prices. Facsimile pages visually inspected.

United States Mint

https://www.usmint.gov/learn/coins-and-medals/circulating-coins/dollar-coins

1794 first dollar paragraph

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco

https://www.frbsf.org/independence/

1775 Continental issuance

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Use for issuance, not a blanket interpretation of all notes as irredeemable fiat.

Smithsonian National Museum of American History

https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object/nmah_1803808

Obverse transcription and object date

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Printed promise is not evidence of payment in full; specimen is not the first Continental issue.

United States Congress; FRASER

https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/funding-act-1790-1105/fulltext

Sections 3–4, pp. 139–140

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

100:1 is a valuation for subscribing to funded debt, not immediate cash redemption into modern USD.

United States government compilation; FRASER

https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/laws-united-states-relating-coinage-9402/fulltext

Acts of 1834, 1837, 1857, 1873, 1876, 1878, 1900, 1903

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

OCR checked against statutory structure; preserve fine/gross weight and instrument-specific legal-tender distinctions.

U.S. Capitol Visitor Center

https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/artifact/hr-240-legal-tender-act-february-25-1862

Artifact description

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Exceptions to legal tender are material; no claim this created the dollar unit.

Federal Reserve History

https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/national-banking-acts

Charters, bond backing, state-note tax

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Federal Reserve History

https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/cash-services

Historical note families and 1914 issuance

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Different dollar notes coexisted; not serial replacement of every currency.

Federal Reserve History

https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/roosevelts-gold-program

1900, 1933 and 1934 regime discussion

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Federal Reserve History

https://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/bretton-woods-launched

Official $35 gold link; 1971 suspension and 1973 floating

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Distinguish official foreign conversion from domestic public convertibility.

Royal Mint Museum

https://www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/collection/coins/british-trade-dollar/

Description and illustrated pattern

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Illustrated .925 pattern is not the .900 issued coin.

National Library Board, Singapore

https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?cmsuuid=ac36a2e4-5620-4812-9405-e5bd24023213

Foreign coin, Straits, Malayan and postwar sections

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Selected issue chronology; 1899 note date used with attribution. Occupation notes did not erase all prewar legal status.

UK House of Commons, Hansard

https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1906/nov/26/straits-settlements-currency

Minister’s reply

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Adopt fixed 2s 4d rate; a discussed fineness/weight reform is not proof of actual issue.

Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas

https://www.bsp.gov.ph/Pages/CoinsAndNotes/HistoryOfPhilippineMoney/HistoryOfPhilippineMoney.aspx

Spanish, Revolutionary, American, occupation and Republic sections

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Generic barter-origin and prosperity claims not adopted. No unsupported 1852 date inferred.

Hong Kong Monetary Authority

https://www.hkma.gov.hk/media/eng/publication-and-research/reference-materials/monetary/1-2.pdf

PDF p. 2 / printed p. 19

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

1863 coin date and 1864 arrival differ; a gap in dollar coins does not end the HKD currency.

National Museum of China

https://www.chnmuseum.cn/zp/zpml/hb/202106/t20210610_250297.shtml

Trial-coin description

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

1889 trial, 7 mace 3 candareens; not a universal tael standard or a demonstrated first circulating dollar.

Li Yunqi (李蕴祺), 2019; China Cultural Relics Information Network, republished by Chinese Social Sciences Network

https://cssn.cn/kgxc/kgxc_kgsb/202207/t20220728_5431170.shtml

Section III, 1910 regulations and December 1914 minting paragraphs

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Limited to reform and production chronology; sweeping claims of unique success are not adopted. Article date 2019 differs from the 2022 URL path.

Bank Negara Malaysia

https://www.bnm.gov.my/web/guest/significant-milestones-in-the-malaysian-foreign-exchange-market

1967 and 1973 entries

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Announcement, ending interchangeability and floating are different events; dollar/ringgit are not assumed successive scales.

Brunei Darussalam Central Bank

https://cms.bdcb.gov.bn/storage/uploads/publications/17089426511258820.pdf

1967 agreement and customary-tender paragraphs

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Customary tender is not foreign legal tender or a currency union.

Monetary Authority of Singapore

https://www.mas.gov.sg/currency/brunei-singapore-currency-interchangeability-agreement

Agreement and par exchange provisions

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Bank/authority interchangeability; not guaranteed acceptance by every merchant.

Reserve Bank of Australia

https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/annual-reports/rba/1966/introduction.html

Decimal conversion paragraph

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Reserve Bank of Australia

https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/annual-reports/rba/1966/oth-act-bank.html

Note Issue

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Issue date and withdrawal process, not instantaneous disappearance of all old cash.

Reserve Bank of Australia, Bulletin September 2018

https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2018/sep/money-in-the-australian-economy.html

Box A

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Early Spanish coin use and later sterling institutions do not prove an unbroken dollar unit.

Reserve Bank of New Zealand museum

https://www.rbnz.govt.nz/museum/currency/preparing-for-decimal-currency

Changeover date and ratio

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Reserve Bank of Fiji

https://www.rbf.gov.fj/core-functions/currency-management/50-years-of-fijis-currency/

1969 changeover

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Gradual withdrawal; earlier private Fijian dollar instruments remain a separate extension.

Central Bank of Solomon Islands

https://www.cbsi.com.sb/about-us/about-cbsi/our-history

1976 authority and October 1977 currency

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Exact conversion not inferred from replacement alone.

Eastern Caribbean Central Bank

https://cld.bz/bookdata/jRK2Wau/basic-html/page145.html

p. 145, historical chronology

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Publisher-hosted report used; blocked main-site history and unrelated proxy copies not evidence.

Deutsche Bundesbank

https://www.bundesbank.de/resource/blob/710190/8d5b775eca7a5cfe5c4967919d303bc2/mL/metadaten-en-data.pdf

PDF pp. 10, 20, 30, 78, 171, 188, 245

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical reference, not a 2026 legal-status audit. Only selected country milestones used.

Bank of Jamaica

https://boj.org.jm/core-functions/currency/history/

Decimalization section

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Bank of Guyana

https://www.bankofguyana.org.gy/bog3/the-bank/about-the-bank/brief-history

1965 notes and 1967 coin issue

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Central Bank of Barbados

https://www.centralbank.org.bb/banknotes/past-banknotes

Pre-1973 and national banknote history

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Central Bank of Barbados

https://www.centralbank.org.bb/news/general-press-release/fixed-for-forty-one-years

5 July 1975 peg

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Bermuda Monetary Authority

https://www.bma.bm/documents-centre/documents-news-and-press-releases/general-all-sectors/bermuda-monetary-authority-celebrating-50-years

31 July 1972 dollar parity

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Central Bank of Belize

https://www.centralbank.org.bz/history-of-belize-currency

1894 local notes and gold basis

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Do not merge British Honduras/Belize with BCCB automatically.

Centrale Bank van Suriname

https://www.cbvs.sr/?catid=27&id=79:de-surinaamse-dollar&view=article

2004 reform and exceptions

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Coins and muntbiljetten retained nominal values; ordinary 1000:1 conversion is not universal across instruments.

Bank of Namibia

https://www.bon.com.na/Currency/Learn/Explore-Currency.aspx

1993 introduction and rand link

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Historical evidence only; current legal status and every intervening amendment are not inferred.

Mounir Siaplay, Jefferson S. N. Kambo and John M. Collins; Central Bank of Liberia

https://www.cbl.org.lr/sites/default/files/documents/CBL%20Working%20Paper%20Series_%20No_01_2016.pdf

PDF pp. 4–5, history

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Attributed working-paper synthesis, not official legal opinion. Its 1999 unification date conflicts with CBL press-release 2000; do not claim first-ever notes in 1989.

Central Bank of Liberia

https://www.cbl.org.lr/media/press-releases/central-bank-liberia-cbl-issue-new-bank-notes-soon

2000 unification paragraph

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Source conflict retained; not a universal conversion ratio.

International Monetary Fund, PIN 09/53

https://www.imf.org/en/news/articles/2015/09/28/04/53/pn0953

2008 collapse and early-2009 multicurrency paragraphs

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Publication concerns 2009 despite migrated URL date; not USD-only adoption.

Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe

https://www.rbz.co.zw/documents/ar/2024%20ANNUAL%20REPORT.pdf

Printed p. 5; pp. 103, 107

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Use April 2024 introduction only; financial-report restatement factors are not automatically retail conversion terms. No 2026 regime claim.

Banco Central del Ecuador

https://contenido.bce.fin.ec/documentos/PublicacionesNotas/Notas/Dolarizacion/Dolarizacion10anios.pdf

PDF p. 40 / printed p. 39

Relevant body passages inspected; see locators and access log

Announcement, legislation and cash exchange completion are separate milestones.

University of Chicago Library

https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/scrc/findingaids/view.php?eadid=ICU.SPCL.FRENCHCURRENCY

Historical Note; Series I Box 1 folders 5 and 6; 2012

Historical note and inventory inspected

Describes primary objects; notes themselves not inspected; legal chronology to verify

Service des archives économiques et financières France

https://www.economie.gouv.fr/files/files/directions_services/saef/docs_joints/guide_des_sources/FRSAEF_2241_IR_MDP_Collection%20Dewamin_0Fi-0000239_0Fi-0000256.pdf

PDF page 16; 0Fi-0000240/85 to /88

Relevant entries inspected

Catalogue paraphrases law and cites Lafaurie; not direct examination of the law

Ulrich Bindseil, September 2019

https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpops/ecb.op234~ed52941e3b.en.pdf

Printed pp. 56–59, 75–81

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Author research and translated primary charters, not ECB institutional views. Original French legal wording requires independent review; no later central-bank lineage added.

Arnaud Orain; Bibliothèque nationale de France, 2021

https://heritage.bnf.fr/france-ameriques/john-law

1716, 1719 and collapse paragraphs

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Banknotes, company shares and government debt must remain distinct instruments.

Irène Delage; Fondation Napoléon

https://www.napoleon.org/en/history-of-the-two-empires/articles/a-history-of-the-franc-the-key-moments/

1793 decimalization; quotation of 15 August 1795 law

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Secondary quotation, not inspection of original law. Later history and broad explanatory generalizations excluded; ending-date summary not adopted.

Monnaie de Paris, 3 March 2017

https://www.monnaiedeparis.fr/media/contentmanager/content/Frise_chrono_logique_compress_e.pdf

PDF pp. 2–5, selected French monetary entries

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Exhibition overview contains simplifications and errors outside selected claims, including Joachimsthal 1486. Not a universal chronology authority; gros dating checked against object catalogue.

Monnaie de Paris

https://collectionspatrimoniales.monnaiedeparis.fr/fr/notice/mon-c-003070-22-louis-a-la-meche-longue-8a5a42c5-7679-430b-99a5-f3b1bb72a34f

Date, mint, material and inventory number

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

1640 specimen date; measured 6.77g is not a universal mint standard.

Monnaie de Paris

https://collectionspatrimoniales.monnaiedeparis.fr/fr/notice/mon-b-001506-franc-a-cheval-cb4a8400-cc83-4e7a-90b5-f94190d1337e

Date and creation context

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Catalogue dates object and ordinance to 1360; specimen weight is not statutory mass.

Monnaie de Paris

https://collectionspatrimoniales.monnaiedeparis.fr/fr/notice/mon-b-001133-gros-tournois-b77cef73-6a12-422f-861b-26cf2028dbb9

1266–1270 context; denomination explanation

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Twelve-denier value scoped to this coin context, not all later gros.

Adolphe Dieudonné, Bibliothèque de l’École des chartes 81 (1920), pp. 45–60

https://www.persee.fr/doc/bec_0373-6237_1920_num_81_1_448638

p. 45 opening discussion

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Only opening page inspected. Older scholarly reconstruction; weight tables and precise Tours adoption dates not adopted.

Münzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin

https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18245129&lang=en

Carolingian monetary background; catalogue dates 793/794–813

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Treviso specimen evidences empire-wide context, not a French mint. No invariant gram conversion inferred for the Carolingian pound.

Münzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin

https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18281843&lang=en

Pseudoimperial background; object c. 540–580

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Imitative attribution; no exact mint or continuous redemption chain asserted.

Migration Period between Odra and Vistula research project, University of Warsaw

https://www.mpov.uw.edu.pl/en/thesaurus/artefacts/tremissis

Late-antique fraction; Merovingian transition paragraph

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Circa 670 transition is approximate and regional, not a single universal demonetization date.

Migration Period between Odra and Vistula research project, University of Warsaw

https://www.mpov.uw.edu.pl/en/thesaurus/artefacts/solidus

Opening paragraphs

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Early-fourth-century transition used broadly; disputed exact first year and later invariance not adopted.

Ville de Marseille, 21 April 2021

https://www.marseille.fr/culture/actualites/le-cabinet-des-monnaies-et-medailles-de-marseille-coup-de-projecteur-sur-une

Paragraph beginning Marseille entretient un lien ancien

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Late-sixth-century BCE local coinage context; no direct franc ancestry or timeless national territory implied.

Convention nationale; Newberry Library digitization, Internet Archive

https://archive.org/details/loirelativeauxpo00fran

Printed p. 3, articles V and VII; title page

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Primary printed law: title and p. 3 visually inspected. Archive metadata dates this printing to 1798; the law itself is dated 18 Germinal III. Does not establish August coin specifications or a specie conversion ratio.

Christian Theureau, 2007, pp. 367–370

https://www.persee.fr/doc/sracf_1159-7151_2007_ant_30_1_1886

p. 367

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Opening page inspected. Mint geography, account development and royal control are distinct; 919 is a documentary confirmation, not the first denier date.

Jean Lafaurie, 1970, pp. 117–137

https://www.persee.fr/doc/ccmed_0007-9731_1970_num_13_50_1852?pageId=T1_136

p. 136, final paragraphs

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Older scholarly synthesis; adopt bounded royal-adoption and relative-value claims, not approximate metallic reconstructions.

Münzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin

https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18202176&lang=en

Object date, mint and denomination

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Specimen/issue evidence, not first Roman gold coin or invariant aureus weight.

John H. Kroll; Archaeological Exploration of Sardis

https://sardisexpedition.org/en/essays/latw-kroll-coins-of-sardis

Early Coins; King Croesus and Coinage Reforms; Persian continuation

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Selected archaeological and succession statements. Precise earliest mint/issuer, causal reconstruction and metallurgy remain debated; no universal ancestry claim.

Crawford H. Greenewalt Jr., with an addition by Nicholas Cahill; Sardis Expedition

https://www.sardisexpedition.org/en/essays/latw-greenewalt-gold-silver-refining

Refining evidence and final questions

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Later addendum qualifies the traditional Pactolus electrum story. Troad provenance and recycling are hypotheses, not settled findings.

British Museum, published on Google Arts & Culture

https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/electrum-1-6-stater/gAHZKMNvhGBtrg?hl=en

Museum-authored description and registration number

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Museum cautions that the earliest issuers are not certain; this applies to attribution, not denial of Lydian coinage.

Nicholas Cahill et al., Hesperia 94 (2025), pp. 143–183

https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10213568/1/Cahill_et_al_2025_A_New_Find_of_Croeseid_Coins_from_Sardis.pdf

pp. 143, 168, 176

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Excavation evidence and wear-based chronological interpretation; proposed early reform date is not an exact mint date.

The Royal Mint

https://www.royalmint.com/collect/decimalisation/the-story-of-decimalisation/

Opening and Decimal Day sections

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Subdivision reform; does not create a new pound.

Bank of England

https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/about/history

1694, 1725, 1797–1821 and 1931 entries

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Only bounded institutional and convertibility statements used; broad causal explanations not adopted.

UK Parliament, 13 May 1925

https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo5/15-16/29/pdfs/ukpga_19250029_en.pdf

Section 1(1)–(2), PDF pp. 1–2

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Historical text as enacted; bullion access differs from coin redemption. No present legal guidance.

Royal Mint Museum

https://www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/collection/regency-collection/sovereign-trial-piece/

Opening paragraph

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

1817 coin succession; guinea and sovereign have different face values.

Royal Mint Museum

https://www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/journal/people/isaac-newton/

Warden and Active involvement sections

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Report and subsequent rating distinguished; no sole-cause claim for the gold standard.

Royal Mint Museum

https://www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/journal/british-monarchs/charles-ii/

Gold coinage section

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Initial 1663 rating is not the later 1717 rating.

Royal Mint Museum

https://www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/journal/curators-corner/tudor-sovereign/

1489, 1526, 1551–53 and specifications

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Different sovereign issues and ratings must not be flattened into one permanent one-pound coin.

Royal Mint Museum

https://www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/journal/history/pounds-shillings-and-pence

Pre-decimal system, origins, and sterling sections

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Early transmission date and sterling etymology qualified by the source; no exact origin year assigned.

Royal Mint Museum

https://www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/journal/curators-corner/penny/

Early pennies

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

High-level continuity statement; detailed medieval reform sequence remains to be populated.

David Fox, Edinburgh Law Review 23(3), 2019, pp. 360–387

https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/files/118991918/FoxELR2019TheAngloScotsMonetaryUnion.pdf

Accepted manuscript pp. 1, 7–8, 26–27 (PDF pp. 2, 8–9, 27–28)

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Account conversion is not a universal market exchange rate; union did not abolish Scots accounting immediately.

Fitzwilliam Museum

https://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/283540

Description and Dating

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Specimen dates circa 792–796, not an exact reform date or first English penny.

Fitzwilliam Museum

https://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/135274

Maker, material and Dating

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

616–640 is the catalogue range; not a date for the invention of money or even first English coinage.

Rory Naismith, Cambridge University Press, 2017

https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9781316547380_A30451784/preview-9781316547380_A30451784.pdf

Preview, printed pp. 38, 42–43, 58, 67–68

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Selected preview pages inspected; later chapters unavailable in preview, not represented as read.

Jane Kershaw, Stephen W. Merkel, Paolo D’Imporzano and Rory Naismith, Antiquity 98(398), 2024

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/byzantine-plate-and-frankish-mines-the-provenance-of-silver-in-northwest-european-coinage-during-the-long-eighth-century-c-660820/EE2DE1D7955D055FA4225257755BF340

Methods, Results, Discussion and Conclusion; DOI 10.15184/aqy.2024.33

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

49-coin analytical sample; excludes low-fineness English interval c. 715–760. Source interpretation is not a currency conversion or proof of direct political transmission.

Andrew Bailey, Bank of England lecture, 21 May 2024

https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/speech/2024/may/andrew-bailey-lecture-london-school-of-economics-charles-goodhart

Historical introduction, goldsmith bankers

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Retrospective account of seventeenth-century banking; no exclusive institutional ancestry asserted.

Royal Mint Museum

https://www.royalmintmuseum.org.uk/collection/coins/alfred-the-great-penny/

Monogram penny and foundation discussion

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

No exact Royal Mint foundation date inferred.

Rory Naismith, British Numismatic Journal 86 (2016), 232–234

https://www.britnumsoc.org/publications/Digital%20BNJ/pdfs/2016_BNJ_86_10.pdf

Printed pp. 232–234, first article only

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Early 970s reform; tentative design influences retain qualification.

Reading Museum Service

https://collections.readingmuseum.org.uk/pdfs/H7.pdf

PDF p. 7, Penny of Richard I and Penny of Edward I

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Selected reform and denomination facts only; broad economic causal claims excluded. Earlier fractional issues mean 1279 is not asserted as first-ever fractional coinage.

John Mattinson and Peter Cherry, British Numismatic Journal 83 (2013), 101–111

https://www.britnumsoc.org/publications/Digital%20BNJ/pdfs/2013_BNJ_83_6.pdf

Printed pp. 101–104

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Type ordering and Henric attribution are unresolved; no unique first Scottish coin asserted.

UK Parliament, House of Commons, Hansard vol. 13, cols. 573–582

https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1825/may/12/assimilation-of-the-currencies-of-great

Currency description and resolutions 1, 6 and 9

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Debate and agreed resolutions are not the enacted law or commencement instrument.

John Kelly, Central Bank of Ireland Quarterly Bulletin, Spring 2003, 89–115

https://www.centralbank.ie/docs/default-source/consumer-hub-library/the-irish-pound-from-origins-to-emu.pdf

Section 2, printed p. 90

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Only pre-1827 assimilation passage adopted; later modern Irish/euro history deferred.

Mark Blackburn, British Numismatic Journal 78 (2008), 111–138

https://www.britnumsoc.org/publications/Digital%20BNJ/pdfs/2008_BNJ_78_5.pdf

Printed pp. 111, 114–115

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Circa 995 scholarly chronology differs slightly from museum circa 997–998; no exact start date.

National Museum of Ireland

https://www.museum.ie/en-IE/collections-research/art-and-industry-collections/art-industry-collections-list/numismatics/airgead-a-thousand-years-of-irish-coins-currency/950-1450-vikings%2C-normans-and-medieval-mints

Viking coinage; Normans; 1310–1460 sections

Relevant body passages inspected; see evidence locators

Overview chronology retained as attributed evidence; minting gaps do not mean cessation of monetary use.

A. B. McCullough; Archivaria 16 (1983), pp.83–94

https://archivaria.ca/index.php/archivaria/article/download/12649/13814/0

See claim evidence locators

Relevant full body or statutory sections inspected

Nominal account values are not commercial exchange rates; Vancouver date table conflicts with prose, resolved here with the 1862 act.

Colony of Vancouver Island; official historical statutes

https://free.bcpublications.ca/civix/document/id/hstats/hstats/1432441947

See claim evidence locators

Relevant full body or statutory sections inspected

Differentiate local assent and specified public-account commencement from later imperial confirmation.

Colony of British Columbia; official historical statutes

https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/hstats/hstats/1089112742

See claim evidence locators

Relevant full body or statutory sections inspected

Section VIII requires proclamation of imperial approval; that proclamation has not yet been inspected.

British Columbia; official historical statutes, pp.164–165

https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/hstats/hstats/922514530

See claim evidence locators

Relevant full body or statutory sections inspected

The ordinary coin rating and the Crown-revenue conversion schedule have distinct scopes.

Canada; historical statutory text preserved in Aldrich papers, FRASER

https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/archival-collection/nelson-w-aldrich-papers-4952/monetary-commission-500284/fulltext

See claim evidence locators

Relevant full body or statutory sections inspected

OCR inspected; cited sections establish historical debt treatment, not the date every coin stopped circulating.

Bank of Canada Museum, 2024

https://www.bankofcanadamuseum.ca/2024/03/welcoming-newfoundland-to-canada/

See claim evidence locators

Relevant full body or statutory sections inspected

Coinage, bank-note redemption and political union are separate events.

American Numismatic Society

https://numismatics.org/exhibits/ancient-rome/

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Exhibition chronology is approximate; individual specimen dates are not family lifetimes.

American Numismatic Society

https://numismatics.org/exhibits/rome-a-thousand-years-of-monetary-history/

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Use scoped denomination facts only. Broad inflation explanations and conflicting late-antique folles rates are not adopted.

Academic Art Museum, University of Bonn

https://mk-bonn.ikmk.net/object?id=ID3209&lang=en

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Commentary gives c.212/211 BCE reform; catalogue dates this specimen 211 BCE. Interpretive metrology is not an exchange law.

Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Spain

https://www.man.es/man/en/exposiciones/recorridos-tematicos/dracma-euro/denario.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Uses c.211 BCE. No inference of direct ancestry from a surviving name; gold-origin generalization not adopted.

James Ross and Leigh Bettenay; Cambridge Archaeological Journal 34(3), 2024, 403–420; online 2023

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/cambridge-archaeological-journal/article/gold-and-silver-relative-values-in-the-ancient-past/406D8B078C66ACB266932D51A0E2F205

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Early dates synthesize prior textual scholarship; regional conventions and purity differ. Does not establish a continuous shekel-to-Lydia conversion.

Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative; revised 2023

https://cdli.earth/artifacts/202124

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Catalogue metadata inspected; no transliteration or tablet image available in entry

Provenience blank; period and genre metadata alone cannot establish contract amount or earliest use.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/325858

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Probably from Kültepe; period date is approximate. Loan terms do not prove a circulating banknote or coin.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/328900

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Heading names enclosed tablet 66.246.18a, while object number is 66.245.18b; preserve this catalogue discrepancy. No monetary universality inferred.

Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Spain

https://www.man.es/man/en/exposiciones/recorridos-tematicos/dracma-euro/maravedi-oro.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Model and weight adoption do not establish a conversion. The page’s Ferdinand II/date wording is not adopted.

Iván Rivero Hernández; Historia Mexicana 73(2), 2023

https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?pid=S2448-65312023000400543&script=sci_arttext

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

1497 summary depends on cited numismatic scholarship; original pragmática still needs inspection. Pre-mint gold pesos vary by mass and purity.

Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Spain

https://www.man.es/man/en/exposiciones/recorridos-tematicos/dracma-euro/dinero.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Iberian dinero is a family of jurisdictional systems, not one homogeneous currency. After 785 is a lower bound.

Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Spain

https://www.man.es/man/en/exposiciones/recorridos-tematicos/dracma-euro/dinar.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Early conquest coinage is a local scope; no automatic identity with all later Andalusian dinars.

Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Spain

https://www.man.es/man/en/exposiciones/recorridos-tematicos/dracma-euro/dobla.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Doubled weight is not evidence of an exact exchange rate; political conquest need not date final circulation.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/453447

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Separates reform date from specimen date. No universal gold-silver exchange ratio supplied.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/444958

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

The dated specimen anchors Wasit production; broad pre/post-697 language is refined with staged reform evidence.

Münzkabinett, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin

https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18205131

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Gold and silver reform dates differ. Damascus attribution has a question mark; specimen mass is not the official standard.

Abdullah Ghouchani and Sheila Canby; The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2019

https://www.metmuseum.org/essays/rare-coins-from-nishapur

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Not all described objects were excavated; some were bought locally. Mint, findspot and inferred route must remain separate.

A. M. Pollard and Ruiliang Liu; Heritage Science 9, 56 (2021)

https://www.nature.com/articles/s40494-021-00530-3

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

Uneven sample coverage and mixed analytical methods; authors explicitly distinguish chemistry from numismatic classification. Tang mass summary not adopted.

Tony Abramson; British Numismatic Journal 89 (2019), 1–18

https://www.britnumsoc.org/images/Annual_BNJ/2019v89/01.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

PDF pp.1–4, 9 and 14 inspected via publisher-hosted text

Chronological and attribution proposals are explicitly tentative. Grave-dating argument cites Hines and Bayliss, not new dating here.

Hiroyuki Honda; International Journal of Asian Studies 4(2), 2007, 225–240

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-asian-studies/article/abs/copper-coinage-ruling-power-and-local-society-in-medieval-japan/20AC3ED6F8D6FCB9BE393EA95D20F6BA

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Abstract and bibliographic metadata inspected; full text not consulted

Claims limited to the abstract’s stated findings; local rates and specific decrees not verified.

Tetsuo Kamiki; Socio-Economic History 57(2), 1991, 167–178

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/sehs/57/2/57_KJ00002435381/_article/-char/en/

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Complete English abstract and metadata inspected; Japanese article not consulted

Broad proportions and market-rate statements lack full-text context here; not used as universal valuations.

Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Spain

https://www.man.es/man/en/exposiciones/recorridos-tematicos/dracma-euro/dobla-castellana.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Relevant full-text sections inspected; no physical object examination

A weight-standard relationship is not proof of redemption or legal conversion.

A. M. Pollard and Ruiliang Liu; Journal of Archaeological Science 126 (2021), 105322

https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:25e5b381-0067-441c-ab97-5a465e67947b

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Accepted manuscript pp.1, 5, 15–16 inspected

Mixing model is an interpretation; does not identify a currency parent or establish the function of all metal fragments.

Hao Zhao et al.; Antiquity 95 (383), 2021

https://static.cambridge.org/content/id/urn:cambridge.org:id:article:S0003598X21000946/resource/name/S0003598X21000946sup001.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

All seven pages inspected; Figure S2 also inspected visually

Same study as S25/S35, not independent corroboration. Published graph and determinations inspected; no executable model code supplied; no recalibration performed.

New Brunswick Legislature; official printing reproduced by University of New Brunswick

https://bnald.lib.unb.ca/sites/default/files/NB.1853%281852%29.ch_.85.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Sections 1–11 and printed commencement note inspected against the UNB transcription

UNB metadata/transcription heading says 14 Victoria; original printed act says 15 Victoria. Gazette issue itself not inspected.

New Brunswick Legislature; official printing reproduced by University of New Brunswick

https://bnald.lib.unb.ca/sites/default/files/NB.1860.ch%2048.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

All nine sections inspected in original scan text and UNB transcription

Public-account requirement, coin tender and account equivalence have different scopes. The act does not itself prove later merger or coin-withdrawal dates.

New Brunswick Legislative Council; 1859–1861 correspondence reproduced in 1862

https://primarydocuments.ca/new-brunswick-thursday-20th-february-1862-journal-of-the-legislative-council-of-the-province-of-new-brunswick-1862/

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Transcription pp.24–30 inspected, especially letters of 10 November 1860 and 16 December 1861

Proposals, current reports and expected delivery dates are distinguished. Mint letter predicts silver readiness; it does not prove actual arrival.

Nicholas Krus and Kurt Schuler

https://sites.krieger.jhu.edu/iae/files/2017/04/Krus-Schuler_Currency_Board_Financial_Statements_2014.12.21.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Printed pp.112 and 244–246 inspected in full; title page checked

Underlying annual reports and ordinances not independently inspected. Gambia coin date conflicts with the indexed central-bank account. Institutional liquidation is not currency termination.

Bank of Ghana, Statistics and Reports Office, Issue Department

https://www.bog.gov.gh/bank-notes-coins/evolution-of-currency-in-ghana/

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Historical narrative through the 1979 demonetisation inspected

Undated page includes an editing placeholder and stale denomination inventory. The 1979 threshold wording does not establish the complete legal exchange schedule.

Central Bank of Nigeria

https://www.cbn.gov.ng/Currency/gallery.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Complete short historical narrative inspected

Opening statement dates notes to 1912; archival research instead separates board formation, coins and large-scale note issue. Later denomination summaries not adopted wholesale.

Central Bank of Nigeria

https://www.cbn.gov.ng/Currency/Oldnotes/1973.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Opening decimalisation paragraph inspected; catalogue read for limitations

Obvious dimensions and coin-label problems elsewhere on the page are not used. Denomination withdrawal is not extinction of the naira.

Bank of Sierra Leone

https://bsl.gov.sl/Redenomination.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Complete substantive introduction inspected

The phrase dividing the pound by 1.2 conflicts with the explicit pence examples; only the explicit 240-pence-to-two-leones equivalence is used.

United Nations Economic Commission for Africa

https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/811777/files/E_CN.14_396-EN.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Sierra Leone currency discussion, printed p.100 (PDF p.107), and title inspected

Provides issue date and unit relationship; does not establish complete withdrawal/redemption rules.

Central Bank of The Gambia

https://www.cbg.gm/evolution-of-currency-in-the-gambia

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Search-indexed historical passages inspected; direct page repeatedly timed out

Not a successful full-page inspection. Coin-date discrepancy remains open; use Krus–Schuler for the sourced 5 October 1964 banknote date.

Bank of Ghana

https://www.bog.gov.gh/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/AnnRep-2007.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Foreword p.2 and section 6, p.33 (PDF pp.4 and 35), inspected

Report explicitly dates circulation to 3 July; the March Gazette itself has not been read. Continued exchange described here is historical policy, not verification of present availability.

Bank of Sierra Leone, Financial Inclusion Secretariat

https://bsl.gov.sl/BSL%20FI%20Newsletter%20Issue%201_Final.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Title and p.4 redenomination explanation inspected

Cover period ends June, while body reports 1 July circulation. Use body for the event; publication date is not inferred from a later web crawl.

United States Treasury, Bureau of Accounts

https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-T63_100-5730e5663a0e9f7b7a543e83eb0208a6/pdf/GOVPUB-T63_100-5730e5663a0e9f7b7a543e83eb0208a6.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Gambia paragraph, PDF pp.25 and 31 (duplicate notice), inspected

US reporting instruction corroborates the unit change; it is not the Gambian enabling law. Duplicate scan occurrence is not independent evidence.

International Monetary Fund

https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/cr/2024/english/1sleea2024001-print-pdf.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Paragraph 34 and Box 5, printed pp.22–23 (PDF pp.31–32), inspected

Old-leone tender ended in December 2023; report does not specify the day. Continued BSL exchange is an observation as of the 2024 report, not a current guarantee.

Commonwealth of Australia

https://www.legislation.gov.au/C1965A00095/asmade/1965-12-10/text/original/epub/OEBPS/document_1/document_1.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Sections 2, 5, 8–11, 18–25 inspected

The 1966 federal transition is the scope. Later proclamations and separate territorial adoption are not inferred.

Bermuda; copy hosted by Bermuda Monetary Authority

https://cdn.bma.bm/documents/2026-01-16-16-27-35-Bermuda-Monetary-Authority-Act-1969.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Section 9, printed p.13, and commencement annotation inspected in downloaded PDF

Not an as-enacted 1969 copy. Historical s.9 transition is explicit; amended current tender powers are not projected backwards.

Bermuda Monetary Authority

https://cdn.bma.bm/documents/2019-02-21-04-25-04-Bermuda-Monetary-Authority-Celebrating-50-Years.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Complete one-page release inspected

Same release family as S103, not independent corroboration. By 30 June is a bound, not proof of the exact final tender day or redemption expiry.

Republic of Suriname

https://www.sris.sr/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/SB-2003-No-89-Wet-Vernoeming-en-Herleiding-van-Guldensbedragen-tot-Dollarbedragen.pdf.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

All operative articles 1–13 visually inspected, PDF pp.1–4 / printed pp.1–8

Explanatory memorandum not audited in full. Historical rules, not a claim of present redemption availability.

Republic of Suriname

https://www.sris.sr/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/SB-2003-No-88-muntwet.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Articles I–II visually inspected, PDF p.1 / printed pp.1–2

Changes the statutory unit and effective date; no universal cash-exchange rule is inferred.

Taiwan Provincial Government; National Archives Administration

https://art.archives.gov.tw/tw/art/1864-15462.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

File A386000000A/0038/6/1/2/039; reform plan and complete issuance rules, stamped leaf 86, visually inspected

Original scheduled exchange deadline is not assumed to be the actual last exchange date. Article 8 refers to article 5 although the old/new rate appears in article 6; promulgated Gazette and amendments need comparison.

Nigeria; text reproduced by Policy and Legal Advocacy Centre

https://www.placng.org/lawsofnigeria/view2.php?sn=113

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Complete short act and exchange notice inspected

Commencement header refers to sections absent from the displayed text; notice identifier/date also needs Gazette verification. Reported provisions are retained with provenance qualification.

Trinidad and Tobago Ministry of Legal Affairs; issuer-hosted copy

https://www.central-bank.org.tt/wp-content/uploads/pdf/Central-Bank-Act-Chap-79.02_0.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Commencement table and currency provisions, especially s.21(4), inspected

Amended 1994 redemption clause is not the original 1964 exchange rule. Earlier Gazette withdrawal notice remains unresolved.

Bank of Jamaica

https://boj.org.jm/core-functions/currency/currency-related-legislation/

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Sections 10 and 15–18 with amendment annotations inspected

Later amended withdrawal provisions must not be treated as 1969 law. Decimal Currency Act itself remains inaccessible in this pass.

Edward Seaga, Minister of Finance and Planning; National Library of Jamaica

https://nlj.gov.jm/MinistryPapers/1969/7.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Both pages inspected

Proposal and explanation, not enacted law; explicitly abandons an earlier coin/subdivision proposal.

New Zealand Price Tribunal

https://library.victoria.ac.nz/databases/nzgazettearchive/pubs/gazettes/1967/1967%20ISSUE%20043.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Printed p.1167 / PDF p.23, Order 2044 clauses 1–3, parsed text inspected

OCR of fractional-penny table is unreliable and is not transcribed. Sectoral maximum-price rule, not proof of all cash redemption provisions.

United Republic of Tanzania

https://www.chragg.go.tz/uploads/documents/sw-1669373093-12-1966%20The%20Bank%20of%20Tanzania%20Act.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Title, ss.1–2, 24, 26, 33–36 and 73 inspected; currency transition on printed pp.10–11

Short title says 1965; enactment is No.12 of 1966. Commencement proclamation and actual territorial withdrawal notices not inspected.

Bank of Tanzania

https://bot.go.tz/Home/History?lang=en

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Opening institutional-history paragraphs inspected

Bank opening does not by itself prove the first public cash-issue date. Broad earlier monetary narrative not adopted wholesale.

Central Bank of Kenya

https://www.centralbank.go.ke/currency-history/

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

National currency, Legal Notice 252 and first-coin/withdrawal paragraphs inspected in full HTML

Notice itself and original exchange law not inspected. Regional withdrawals are month precision; no universal regional withdrawal day is inferred. Earlier barter-origin narrative not used.

Winston Churchill, Secretary of State for the Colonies; Hansard

https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1921/may/30/currency-east-africa

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Complete statement and question, HC vol.142 cc.596–598, inspected

Announced policy is not a dated first-issue observation. Kenya/Uganda and prospective Tanganyika extension must remain distinct.

Bank of Uganda

https://archive.bou.or.ug/bou/currency/history_of_the_currency.html

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Search-indexed opening sentence inspected; direct page returned errors including HTTP 502

Only the 1966 national-issue year is used. No precise date, par conversion or 1987 statutory scope is verified by this access.

World Bank

https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/804271688979818820/pdf/The-Main-Report.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Title and paragraph 1.4, printed p.1 / PDF p.9, inspected

Reports 30 percent confiscation in 1987 but does not establish the complete legal schedule, exemptions or the nominal rescaling factor. Publicly disclosed copy.

BanknoteNews / The Banknote Book; copy hosted by Bank of Tanzania

https://www.bot.go.tz/webdocs/Other/Bank%20of%20Tanzania%20notes%20history.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

PDF pp.2–4 / catalogue pp.1–3 inspected, especially entries BOT B1–B4

Host does not change authorship. Exact 14 June 1966 first-issue date is catalogue evidence pending original issuer notice.

Central Bank of Armenia

https://www.cba.am/en/RA-money-circulation

Opening two paragraphs, Introduction and permitted Soviet-note coexistence

Relevant body paragraphs read in full

Inspect the original introduction decree, cash exchange eligibility and account conversion; trace the earlier ruble stages.

Central Bank of Azerbaijan

https://www.cbar.az/page-4/history?language=en

History paragraphs on 15 August 1992, 1 January 1994 and 2006 denomination

Relevant history paragraphs read in full

Read the original 1992/1993 introduction and 2005 redenomination decrees; model old/new units as scale epochs before resolving duplicated poster tracks.

National Bank of Kazakhstan

https://nationalbank.kz/en/page/currency-history

1993 timeline entry, November 15

1993 timeline and adjacent context read

Inspect the introduction decree and ruble exchange schedule, including limits and account treatment; no predecessor ratio is adopted here.

National Bank of Tajikistan

https://www.nbt.tj/en/banknotes_coins/

Opening national-currency paragraph

Complete short substantive paragraph read

Inspect the 2000 introduction decree, Tajik-ruble conversion and overlap rules; independently source the 1995 predecessor introduction.

National Bank of Moldova

https://www.bnm.md/en/content/moldovan-leu-marks-30-years-its-introduction-circulation

29 November 2023 release, final historical sentence

Release body and explicit introduction sentence read

Recover the original decree and coupon conversion, withdrawal and account rules; distinguish Transnistrian circulation.

Central Bank of Uzbekistan

https://cbu.uz/en/press_center/question_answer/3809/

Other questions: What currency units were used before the sum? Four-paragraph answer

Complete relevant FAQ answer read

Inspect Decree UP-870 and the original exchange/withdrawal instruments; distinguish initial coexistence from sole legal tender.

Bank of Russia

https://cbr.ru/press/pr/?file=981221_1519_63-p.htm

Press release, opening paragraphs on Regulation 63-P and 1 January 1999

Relevant Russian body paragraphs retrieved directly and read; web reader had failed

Read the 1997 decree and 1998 implementation; reconstruct 1991–1993 issuance and older Soviet/Russian continuities separately.

Banco Central de la República Argentina

https://www.bcra.gob.ar/billetes-y-monedas-en-vigencia/

Opening currency paragraph

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect the original decree and cash/account transition and withdrawal rules.

Republic of Bolivia; Central Bank host

https://www.bcb.gob.bo/webdocs/17_leyes/LEY901.pdf

PDF pp.1–2, articles 1 and 9–11

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Check implementation and amendments against the original Gazette; scheduled exchange expiry is not yet certified as the actual final date.

Banco Central de Costa Rica

https://www.bccr.fi.cr/cr/en/banknotes-coins.html

Opening historical paragraphs

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect the 1896 law, peso conversion and first circulation, separately from the central bank's 1951 issue.

Banco Central de Honduras

https://www.bch.hn/administrativas/RI/Paginas/About-Us.aspx

Historical opening paragraph

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Recover the 1926 law and original circulation notice; source only supports decade precision for actual circulation.

Banco Central del Paraguay

https://www.bcp.gov.py/en/web/institucional/guarani-signo-monetario-paraguay

Paragraphs on Decree-Law 655 and first banknote family

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect Decree-Law 655, peso conversion and issue notice; do not equate unit creation with first banknote circulation.

Banco de Guatemala

https://banguat.gob.gt/page/resena-historica

Paragraph beginning En noviembre de 1924

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect the original monetary law and conversion schedule; obtain first issue date separately.

Banco Central de la República Dominicana

https://www.bancentral.gov.do/a/CustomView/6062-billetes

Opening paragraphs, first RD$1, RD$5 and RD$10 notes

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect Law 1528, predecessor and US-dollar exchange, and the relation to 1937 coins and earlier pesos.

Banco Central de Nicaragua

https://www.bcn.gob.ni/sites/default/files/documentos/1991_0.pdf

One-page table, note beneath averages, dated 1 March 2001

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect the 1990 introduction and 1991 laws; establish the nominal conversion separately from the table's dollar exchange-rate adjustment.

Bank of Botswana

https://bankofbotswana.bw/content/history-botswana-currency

Opening history, paragraphs on Pula Day and initial exchange period

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect the original legal instruments and actual end of exchange; dollar peg is separate from rand predecessor conversion.

Central Bank of Kuwait

https://www.cbk.gov.kw/en/banknotes-and-coins/banknotes/first-issue

Complete opening history, two paragraphs

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect Decree 41 and conversion terms; distinguish Gulf rupees from domestic Indian rupees and later first-series withdrawal.

Central Bank of the UAE

https://centralbank.ae/en/museum/

Currencies in circulation section, first paragraph

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Establish Qatar–Dubai riyal and Bahraini-dinar conversions separately by emirate; inspect the 1973 law and exchange notices.

Saudi Central Bank

https://sama.gov.sa/en-US/Currency/pages/historicalinfo.aspx

Unification of currency and post-unification timeline

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect the Hejazi–Najdi monetary law and circulation/conversion rules; distinguish coin weights, names and legal units.

Bank of Israel

https://www.boi.org.il/en/economic-roles/coins/

Agora and New Sheqel Series opening paragraph

Relevant substantive source paragraphs read; no inference of uninspected legal implementation

Inspect the 1985 law and old-cash overlap/withdrawal rules; trace the 1980 sheqel and earlier pound independently.

Central Bank of Jordan

https://www.cbj.gov.jo/EN/Pages/Introductions

Opening banknote history

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect Law 35/1949, conversion rate, territorial coverage and actual exchange rules.

Bank of Papua New Guinea

https://www.bankpng.gov.pg/currency

Introduction and final paragraph of History of Exchange

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original conversion and withdrawal instruments; naming after shell money is not a proven conversion edge.

National Reserve Bank of Tonga

https://www.reservebank.to/index.php/banknotes/history-of-the-tongan-paanga

Pa'anga section opening

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the decimal currency legislation, note overlap and territorial rules.

Bangladesh Bank

https://www.bb.org.bd/pub/special/coins_banknotes_book2013.pdf

PDF p.23, English historical paragraph

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Establish exact first issue, conversion and restrictions from original notices; independence and bank creation are separate dates.

Central Bank of Sri Lanka

https://www.cbsl.gov.lk/sites/default/files/cbslweb_documents/publications/60th_anniversary_commemorative_volume_of_the_central_bank_of_sri_lanka.pdf

PDF p.101, currency history paragraph and footnotes 2–4

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original rupee/sterling and decimalisation laws; do not date the rupee's entire existence from a coin issue.

Central Bank of Eswatini

https://www.centralbank.org.sz/about/

A Nation's Currency is Born: The Lilangeni

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1974 monetary order and exchange provisions; coexistence and parity do not by themselves certify a forced replacement.

South African Reserve Bank

https://www.resbank.co.za/en/home/what-we-do/banknotes-and-coin/history-of-banknotes-and-coin

Historical paragraph beginning South Africa continued; first decimal coin series

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original decimalisation act, account conversion and territorial adoption; do not repeat the page's conflation of currency launch with the later republic proclamation.

Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina

https://www.cbbh.ba/Content/Read/19?lang=sr

Opening first-series paragraph

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1997 account-unit law and 1998 exchange arrangements; do not infer Deutsche-mark ancestry from the peg.

Swiss National Bank

https://www.snb.ch/en/snb-explained/history

Paragraph beginning Coins and, later, banknotes

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1850 federal coinage law, cantonal conversion schedules and foreign coin acceptance.

Central Bank of Iceland

https://cb.is/news-and-publications/article/2006-05-31-Withdrawal-of-banknotes-from-circulation-

Paragraph beginning At the beginning of 1981

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original 1981 law, precise commencement and exemptions; later series withdrawals are separate events.

Magyar Nemzeti Bank

https://www.mnb.hu/en/banknotes-and-coins/cashier-services-for-general-public/invalid-banknote-since-1946

Introductory history sentence

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1946 regulations and distinct pengő/adópengő rules; do not treat a headline hyperinflation ratio as universal cash conversion.

Bank of Albania

https://www.bankofalbania.org/rc/doc/SYMBOLICS_ON_ALBANIAN_BANKNOTES_2024_small_29640.pdf

PDF p.3, paragraph on 1965 reform

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the reform decree, effective date and exchange eligibility; catalogue print years do not establish circulation dates.

Czech National Bank

https://www.cnb.cz/export/sites/cnb/en/about_cnb/.galleries/publications/download/cnb_1993-2003_en.pdf

Printed p.8 / PDF p.9, monetary-separation paragraphs

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect Act 60/1993 and stamped-note, resident-limit and account provisions; verify actual implementation separately.

Danmarks Nationalbank

https://www.nationalbanken.dk/media/fiqamt2p/dnwp-103.pdf

Appendix, PDF pp.32–33, unit conversion and monetary-standard paragraphs

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1873 Coin Act and implementation; keep earlier gold-coin tender and later old-coin withdrawal dates distinct.

Karamo Kaba, Governor, Central Bank of the Republic of Guinea

https://www.bcrg-guinee.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Discours-du-1er-mars-2023.pdf

PDF p.2 opening

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Source the CFA conversion, 1972 syli reform and 1985 franc return before asserting uninterrupted unit continuity.

Central Bank of Djibouti

https://banque-centrale.dj/historique-du-franc-djibouti/

Opening historical paragraphs

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original decree and implementation; the same page also lists 17 March 1949 in a table, so exact legal dating needs reconciliation.

Bank of South Sudan

https://boss.gov.ss/bank-notes/

History, After Independence paragraph

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original exchange law and rate; separately verify the issuer's reported 2023 name amendment.

Central Bank of Somalia

https://centralbank.gov.so/history/

Post-independence notable milestones

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1960/1961 legal unit and northern East African-shilling conversion; the page's wider colonial chronology is not adopted.

Central Bank of Libya

https://cbl.gov.ly/en/exchange-rate-policy/

1952 timeline entry

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1951/1952 currency law, regional predecessors and later pound-to-dinar renaming; sterling parity is not a predecessor conversion.

Bank of Mauritius

https://www.bom.mu/education-museum/museum/tour-highlights

Mauritian Banking landscape, Order in Council sentence

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the Order in Council and distinguish Indian coin circulation from locally issued rupee notes and the 1934 changes.

Bank Indonesia

https://www.bi.go.id/id/publikasi/ruang-media/cerita-bi/Pages/Duel-Uang-Merah-Vs-Uang-Putih.aspx

Paragraph on Hatta's broadcast, 29 October 1946

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect original exchange regulations, geographic eligibility and later 1950/1965 reforms; wartime circulation was not uniform.

Bank of Korea

https://www.bok.or.kr/eng/main/contents.do?menuNo=400118

1962 reform opening paragraphs

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the reform law, deposit freezes and eligibility; distinguish denomination replacement in 1966 from final old-coin tender expiry.

Centrale Bank van Aruba

https://www.cbaruba.org/about-us-a-brief-history-of-the-bank

First two history paragraphs

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the transition from Netherlands Antillean guilders and cash/account rules; the dollar peg is not a parent conversion.

Nepal Rastra Bank

https://www.nrb.org.np/contents/uploads/2020/12/Golden_Jubilee_Publications-Nepal_Rastra_Bank_in_Fifty_Years__Part-III-Macroeconomy.pdf

PDF p.69, Sadar Mulukikhana issuance paragraphs

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the first note authorization and earlier rupee/mohar coin-unit reforms; paper issuance does not by itself establish unit birth.

Hassan Fahmy; Maldives Monetary Authority

https://www.mma.gov.mv/documents/Research%20and%20Policy%20Notes/2016/An%20Analysis%20of%20the%20Denomination%20Structure%20of%20the%20Maldivian%20Rufiyaa.pdf

PDF pp.4–5, section 2 and Table 2

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original note ordinance, earlier unit/coinage and any predecessor conversion; do not turn first paper into a new species.

Norges Bank

https://www.norges-bank.no/en/topics/notes-and-coins/withdrawn-notes-coins/Banknote-series-I/

Opening paragraph

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Read the original act and commencement/conversion rules; gold-standard adoption and banknote issue require separate dates.

Sveriges Riksbank

https://www.riksbank.se/en-gb/about-the-riksbank/history/historical-timeline/1800-1899/sweden-gets-the-krona/

Complete short historical entry

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1873 coinage act and riksdaler-riksmynt conversion; separate Scandinavian union agreements from domestic currency ancestry.

Cayman Islands Monetary Authority

https://www.cima.ky/currency

Creation of the Currency Board, final three paragraphs

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1971 law and withdrawal notices; confirm account and residual redemption treatment separately.

Institut d'émission d'outre-mer

https://www.ieom.fr/IMG/pdf/241191_ieom_ra_23_bd_web_pap.pdf

PDF p.21, Le Franc Pacifique

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the December 1945 decree and each territory's predecessor circulation; do not extend a regional overview into a universal local conversion.

BCEAO

https://www.bceao.int/fr/content/histoire-du-franc-cfa

Historique and parity table

Relevant source body or identified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original decree, west/central institutional separation and each country's entries/exits; the French-franc parity is not yet a cash-conversion edge.

Banco Central do Brasil

https://www.bcb.gov.br/controleinflacao/planoreal?modalAberto=30anosreal_noticia5

Indexed paragraph beginning No dia 1º de julho de 1994

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover a readable original 1994 instrument; distinguish the noncash URV from issued currency.

Uruguay; Banco Central del Uruguay host

https://www.bcu.gub.uy/Billetes-Monedas/Museo/Documents/decreto_636.pdf

Indexed articles 1–2

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Download and inspect the complete decree and exchange notices; current access is limited to the indexed operative passage.

Banco Central de Reserva del Perú

https://www.bcrp.gob.pe/docs/Transparencia/Normas-Legales/regulaciones/comunicado-18-IV-91.pdf

Indexed opening, title says 18-VI-91 despite IV in URL

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover the full communication and regulations; resolve URL/title discrepancy and later renaming without assuming a new unit.

Qatar Central Bank

https://www.qcb.gov.qa/en/Pages/HistoryOfBanknotes.aspx

Indexed paragraph on dissolution of Qatar–Dubai board and Law 7

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Obtain full page and Law 7; first issue day and exchange rate are not inferred from the authority's founding date.

Central Bank of Oman

https://cbo.gov.om/Pages/CBOHistory.aspx

Indexed paragraph beginning Subsequently, in 1972

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Read the 1970 and 1972 currency decrees and conversion terms; institutional renaming is not sufficient proof of a separate species.

Reserve Bank of Vanuatu

https://www.rbv.gov.vu/index.php/en/about/our-history

Indexed monetary-reform paragraphs

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Obtain the original reform and withdrawal notices; source is index-only after direct access failed, and Australian-dollar conversion remains open.

Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan

https://www.rma.org.bt/historyCurrency/

Indexed paragraph beginning Monetary reform commenced in 1974

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover the full issuer history and original issue instrument; verify exact date and relationship to existing rupee circulation.

State Bank of Pakistan Museum

https://archive.sbp.org.pk/Museum/crncy_pakistan.htm

Indexed opening paragraphs, 1947 Order and emergency series

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Inspect the 1947 Order, exchange and reserve settlement; distinguish overstamped Indian notes, new government notes and central-bank notes.

National Bank of Ukraine

https://monetary-policy-debates.bank.gov.ua/en/uah/uah-history

Indexed modern-hryvnia paragraph

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover the reform decree and karbovanets conversion/limits; the indexed passage supports a period, not all individual cash milestones.

Central Bank of the Congo

https://www.bcc.cd/sites/default/files/publications/livre_rapport_annuel_bcc_1998.pdf

Indexed printed p.176, III. Lancement du franc congolais, legal framework

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover the full report and decree; preserve separate old-zaïre and nouveau-zaïre streams rather than silently composing them.

Centrale Bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten

https://www.centralbank.cw/publications/press-releases/2025/pb2025-008-caribbean-guilder-officially-legal-tender-curacao-and-sint-maarten

Indexed dated announcement, opening paragraph

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover full issuer release and original transition instruments; verify par conversion and separate tender/redemption deadlines.

National Bank of Cambodia

https://www.nbc.gov.kh/English/news_and_events/news_info.php?id=891

Indexed announcement heading and repeated opening dated paragraph

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover the 1980 issue decree and allocation/exchange rules; do not infer a zero-parent reset merely from the word reintroduction.

Central Bank of Egypt

https://www.cbe.org.eg/en/banknote/printing-house/history-brief

Indexed Historical Introduction, first-banknote sentence

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover the full source and original note concession; earlier pound coinage and unit legislation remain distinct.

Bank of Algeria

https://www.bank-of-algeria.dz/les-premiers-billets-de-lalgerie-independante/

Indexed complete short introductory paragraph

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Inspect Law 64-111 and first issue/Algerian-franc conversion; the retrospective page calls the instrument a presidential decree, requiring comparison.

International Monetary Fund

https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/002/2008/066/article-A002-en.xml

Indexed section X, Exchange System and Exchange Rate Arrangements

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Read the full IMF annex and Malagasy legal texts; distinguish the 2003 ariary cash launch from the 2005 accounting change.

International Monetary Fund

https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/002/1997/068/article-A001-en.xml

Indexed currency-history paragraph, liberated kip conversion

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover the full report and original reform decree; investigate exchange restrictions and the distinct 1976 Vientiane-kip withdrawal.

Falkland Islands National Archives

https://www.nationalarchives.gov.fk/component/content/?Itemid=1034&catid=43&id=168%3Atreasury&view=article

Indexed introductory paragraph, Currency Note Order

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Inspect the original Order and issue book before equating authorization with first physical circulation.

Agence mauritanienne d'information, reproducing BCM communiqué

https://ami.mr/fr/archives/71794

Indexed opening of reproduced central-bank communiqué

Relevant indexed source passage inspected; full-body retrieval failed or yielded a script/block page. This is limited-access partial evidence, not a full-text verification.

Recover the original decree/communiqué and 10:1 conversion; distinguish coin extensions from banknote deadlines.

Central Bank of Bahrain

https://www.cbb.gov.bh/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/CBB-ANNUAL-REPORT-2016-English-final.pdf

PDF p.45, Currency Issue paragraph

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original issue notice, Gulf-rupee conversion and cash withdrawal; anniversary wording alone does not supply an exact day.

Bank Al-Maghrib

https://www.bkam.ma/content/download/413959/3380547/version/9/file/Pr%C3%A9sentation%2BMissions%2BBAM.pdf

PDF p.10, key dates, 1959 entry

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the dirham decree and Moroccan-franc conversion; institution creation in June is not the currency date.

State Bank of Vietnam

https://sbv.gov.vn/documents/20117/185410/237958.pdf/8fe78040-efe5-e2c5-7a3a-3022cbba0260?download=true&t=1755743811866&version=1.0

One-page issuer history, last paragraph

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the unification exchange rules and unequal regional rates; separately research the 1985 reform and all limits.

Banque du Liban

https://bdl.gov.lb/historyofbanknotesandcoins.php

Evolution of Lebanese Currency, 1964 entry

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Reconcile the page's 1937 separate-currency narrative with its later summary; inspect 1937/1939 and 1948 agreements before fixing pound identity.

Gibraltar Philatelic Bureau

https://www.gibraltar-stamps.com/index.php?action=index&controller=banknotes

First two history paragraphs

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect Ordinance 10, first issue records and 1927 permanent arrangements; do not infer a novel accounting pound from local notes.

Turkmenistan government information service

https://turkmenistan.gov.tm/en/post/2877/conference-in-honor-of-the-turkmen-manat

Paragraph on introduction of national currency

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect original ruble conversion and the separate 2009 rescaling; this is a government retrospective, not the decree.

Procuraduría de la Administración, Panama

https://infojuridica.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/norma_screen?numsec=26718

Complete official catalogue record and legal abstract

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the linked original Gazette, predecessor conversion and instrument distinctions; the catalogue abstract does not establish every operative rule.

National Bank of Georgia

https://nbg.gov.ge/en/media/news/tbilisi-to-host-major-international-conference-celebrating-30th-anniversary-of-the-lari

Final historical paragraph

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original decree, coupon conversion and exchange/territorial limits.

L. J. Sato, Reserve Bank of Malawi; SARB host

https://www.resbank.co.za/content/dam/sarb/publications/conference-papers/2005/57/Malawi.pdf

PDF p.11, exchange-rate history

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original decimalisation law and Malawi-pound conversion; the paper's sterling peg is not itself the domestic exchange rule.

Banco de Moçambique; Boletim da República

https://www.bancomoc.mz/media/uz3lu15c/aviso_3_ggbm_2006.pdf

PDF pp.3–4, articles 4–6

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect Law 7/2005 for the conversion factor and compare original-language withdrawal wording; no universal tender-expiry date is inferred from the later redemption schedule.

Banco Central de São Tomé e Príncipe

https://bcstp.st/Bcstp/rm/brochura.pdf

PDF pp.3–4 and 8, legal background and conversion plan

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the enacted implementation and actual launch/withdrawal notices; a 2017 plan does not prove that every 2018 milestone occurred as scheduled.

Bank of Thailand

https://www.bot.or.th/en/our-roles/banknotes/History-and-Series-of-Banknote-And-Commemorative/banknote-evolution.html

1902 Banknotes section, final two paragraphs

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the Act and issue records, earlier baht/tical accounting and decimal subdivisions; this is not a claim that the baht began in 1902.

Eritrea Ministry of Information

https://shabait.com/2017/05/24/reflecting-on-eritreas-pillars-towards-development/

Paragraph on financial independence and national currency

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect original issue and Ethiopian-birr exchange instruments, with eligibility and trade-settlement restrictions.

Encyclopaedia Iranica

https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/eskenas/

Bank-e Melli section, first note series

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the Persian currency laws and qerān/toman conversion; later redenomination proposals and current implementation require separate verification.

National Bank of Serbia

https://www.nbs.rs/sr/scripts/showcontent/index.html?id=9755&konverzija=no

Final historical paragraphs, 1994–2003

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1994 exchange and 2003 legal-continuity instruments; an issuer/series change is not automatically a new currency.

Central Bank of Sudan

https://cbos.gov.sd/sites/default/files/q2_08.pdf

PDF p.28, note to banking table

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original 2007 launch and exchange law; the table's dating is not substituted for the earlier cash-introduction date.

National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic

https://www.nbkr.kg/index1.jsp?item=143&lang=ENG

Opening National Currency paragraph

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the original decree, ruble exchange rate, eligibility limits and withdrawal sequence.

Government of Angola

https://governo.gov.ao/noticias/2387/discurso/abertura-do-ano-parlamentar/discurso-sobre-o-estado-da-nacao-2025

Paragraph beginning A moeda nacional, o Kwanza

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Recover 1977 issue law and the separate 1990, 1995 and 1999 conversion instruments; a retrospective creation year does not verify all scales.

Banco de la República, Colombia

https://repositorio.banrep.gov.co/bitstream/handle/20.500.12134/10712/LBR_2023-11.pdf

PDF p.45, La tradición industrial del Banco de la República

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Trace the earlier peso units and the conversion of national paper; bank formation and first public issue need separate dates.

Banque de la République d'Haïti

https://www.brh.ht/wp-content/uploads/Le-systeIme-de-Paiment-en-Haiti-02.pdf

PDF pp.4–5, early paper money history

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Establish earlier coin and accounting units, then later nineteenth-century reforms and their exchange laws; this date concerns paper.

Coalition Provisional Authority; archived by University of North Texas

https://govinfo.library.unt.edu/cpa-iraq/budget/IraqCurrencyExchange.html

Exchange timetable and exchange-rates sections

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the implementing orders, note eligibility and actual final deadline; the notice announces a schedule, not proof of completion.

Korea Development Institute

https://www.kdi.re.kr/eng/share/researchView?no=9845

21 October 2021 dialogue, paragraph beginning While implementing a currency reform

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Recover primary reform rules, cash limits and account treatment; do not extend the reported note ratio to all prices or balances.

Bank of Mongolia

https://www.mongolbank.mn/en/p/1391

Monetary reform act and first togrog issue paragraphs

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Compare the original act and issue notice; do not transcribe the garbled quantity in the English page or borrow unrelated ancient-money claims.

Central Bank of Seychelles

https://www.cbs.sc/Aboutus/HistoryOfBank.html

1936 ordinances and 1974 Currency Act paragraphs

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the 1974 Act and earlier local-note and rupee introduction records; this governance event is not the rupee's birth.

Syrian Arab News Agency

https://sana.sy/en/presidency/2286703/

31 December 2025 report of Decree 293/2025, effective date and conversion provisions

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect Decree 293/2025 and actual series-specific withdrawal notices; do not assume that a reported reform date ended all old-note exchange.

Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye

https://tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/e8294b27-33b9-4814-8253-249ace732030/inflation2006I.pdf?CACHEID=ROOTWORKSPACE-e8294b27-33b9-4814-8253-249ace732030-m3fw89E&MOD=AJPERES

PDF p.38, currency reform note

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect Law 5083, effective and withdrawal dates, and the 2009 removal of 'new' from the name; no additional species is implied.

Bank of Zambia

https://www.boz.zm/sites/default/files/migrated/annual-reports/2019/AnnualReport2019.pdf

Printed p.140 / PDF p.158, exchange-rate table footnote

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the rebasing law, cash coexistence and withdrawal rules; trace the earlier 1968 kwacha transition separately.

Republic of Tunisia; World Bank Translation Section, 14 July 1959

https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/231611668603478956-0560011965/original/WorldBankGroupArchivesFolder1054193.pdf

PDF p.43, translation of articles 1–2

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Compare the original French promulgation and operational issue/withdrawal notices; law date is not automatically cash launch.

Banco Central de Venezuela; Gazette scan on third-party host

https://www.ks7000.net.ve/Gaceta_Oficial/GO_42191.pdf

PDF p.7, articles 3–7

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect Decree 4.553 and 2018/2008 predecessors, complete rounding rules and actual withdrawal notices; VED is an auxiliary code issue, not a separate digital-money lineage.

Banque Centrale des Comores

https://banque-comores.km/uploads/DOCUMENTS/Recueil_des_textes.pdf

PDF pp.8–9, 23 November 1979 agreement, articles 4, 6 and final entry-into-force clause

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Establish ratification/entry into force and earlier franc issue/conversion; the agreement's French-franc parity does not make the French franc a conversion parent.

Banque de la République du Burundi

https://archive.brb.bi/fr/content/privil%C3%A8ge-d%C3%A9mission?page=4%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C0%2C1

Indexed passage on BERB issues overprinted Burundi

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Retrieve full issuer history, original national issue law, par-exchange rule and separate coin withdrawal; the note deadline is not a coin deadline.

Banco de Cabo Verde

https://www.bcv.cv/pt/O%20Banco/Missao%20e%20Objetivo/Documents/Brochura%20Institucional%20Banco%20de%20Cabo%20Verde%202022.pdf

Indexed institutional milestones, 1977 entry

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Read the full brochure and original 1977 issue notice, earlier Cape Verde escudo identity and Portuguese-escudo exchange terms; do not call every issuer issue a new unit.

National Bank of Ethiopia

https://nbe.gov.et/about-us/bank-notes/

Indexed first banknote-series paragraph

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Retrieve the complete history and original 1945 currency law; resolve the dollar/birr naming and issuer terminology before certifying unit continuity.

Reserve Bank of India

https://systemhealth.rbi.org.in/Scripts/restrospectcoins.aspx%281%29.html

Indexed Republic India Coinage historical paragraphs

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Recover an accessible full issuer page, legal continuity after independence and the separate 1957 decimal change; continue earlier rupee ancestry.

Banco Central de Chile

https://repositoriodigital.bcentral.cl/xmlui/bitstream/handle/20.500.12580/4748/BCCh-H1979-Tipo-de-cambio-Chile-1948-1978.pdf?isAllowed=y&sequence=1

Indexed table footnote, p.24

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Inspect Decree Law 1123 and full table; its indexed 29 September date conflicts with a later issuer summary mentioning June, so day/month remain unresolved.

Narodowy Bank Polski

https://nbp.pl/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/DKO_WM_Polskie_banknoty_obiegowe_10_zl_A4_2023-MP-v1.5-NOWY-WZOR-EN-INT.pdf

Indexed paragraph on 1995 redenomination

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Retrieve the full sheet and original 1994 law, then separate cash coexistence, withdrawal and redemption dates.

Romanian official legislative portal

https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocumentAfis/53757

Indexed article 1

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Retrieve the full text and original promulgation, amendments and withdrawal rules; indexed article alone does not close the dossier.

Republic of Belarus; English reproduction by CIS Legislation

https://www.cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=80284

Public indexed decree opening and denomination clause

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Obtain official original Decree 450 and the amended versions, then cash withdrawal and redemption; printed series year is not circulation start.

International Monetary Fund

https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2003/cr03299.pdf

Indexed paragraphs 168–169, printed p.99, corroborated by indexed eLibrary chapter

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Read Box V.1 and original central-bank rules for distinct old-note types and their rates; a single generic 1,000:1 statement is not enough for every eligible instrument.

International Monetary Fund

https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2005/cr05438.pdf

Indexed monetary-history passage on first loti issue

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Retrieve the full report, first-issue law and rand coexistence/exchange terms; parity alone does not prove a conversion parent.

National Bank of the Republic of Macedonia

https://www.nbrm.mk/WBStorage/Files/Quarterly_Report_1-20070.pdf

Indexed statistical-table footnote on denomination

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Read the full footnote and original reform law to fix the ratio direction and exact day; research the separate 1992 introduction.

Myanmar government national portal

https://myanmar.gov.mm/central-bank

Indexed Union Bank and Currency Board history paragraph

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Retrieve the full history and 1952 currency legislation to verify rupee/kyat unit treatment and exchange; an issuer transfer is not automatically a new species.

International Monetary Fund

https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/022/0001/003/article-A008-en.xml

Indexed contemporary 1964 passage on separate banks and currencies

Substantive search-indexed passage inspected; direct full-document retrieval failed or returned blocking/error content. Only the specified passage is used.

Read the complete article and national decrees to identify exact issue dates, conversion rates and the regional currency's territorial withdrawal.

Deutsche Bundesbank

https://www.bundesbank.de/resource/blob/710190/bdb65d76a0d2f93425fdb54224dc87ef/472B63F073F071307366337C94F8C870/metadaten-en-data.pdf

PDF p.209, Samoa, currency history

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect Samoa's original currency ordinance and local-pound definition; the metadata combines New Zealand/Western Samoan pound terminology.

Banco Central de Reserva de El Salvador, Oficina Nacional de Estadística y Censos

https://onec.bcr.gob.sv/metadatos/index.php/catalog/8/variable/F17/V2646?name=R70514A

Variable description, conversion instruction

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect the Monetary Integration Law itself and colón tender/redemption provisions; trace the pre-2001 colón rather than treating dollar use as proven extinction.

Republic of Cuba; original Gazette hosted by ILO NATLEX

https://natlex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/112480/DL%2017.pdf

PDF pp.4–5 / printed pp.512–513, articles 2–7 and final provision four

Relevant substantive body or specified PDF passage directly inspected

Inspect implementing rates and later deadline extensions, including the June 2021 amendment; the special Central Financing Account rule cannot stand for every cash conversion.

Government of Saint Helena

https://www.sainthelena.gov.sh/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Currency-Ordinance.pdf

Indexed printed p.3, heading and sections 3–4

Indexed heading and sections inspected; direct old and newer URLs returned errors. Exact historical commencement of each provision is not verified.

Obtain the original 1975 ordinance, 1976 commencement instruments and first notes; later consolidated parity is not proof of a historical conversion parent.

SIX

https://www.six-group.com/dam/download/financial-information/data-center/iso-currrency/amendments/dl_currency_iso_amendment_170.pdf

Complete one-page amendment

Complete one-page maintenance-agency statement inspected. Carried from revision 07 audit; not reopened in revision 09.

Establishes code handling and stated rescaling, not the complete Venezuelan decree or redemption procedure.

British Crown; East Africa and Uganda Official Gazette; Kenya Law scan

https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/officialGazette/1905-06-01/134/eng%401905-06-01/source.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Preamble and articles 4–5, 11–14, 16 and 22–25; printed pp.161–165 / PDF pp.3–7, text inspected

Order dated 10 February 1905; territorial commencement proclamations and first note issue are not established by this text. The 1898 measure is known here through its recital, not inspection of the 1898 original.

Government of Kenya; His Majesty’s Stationery Office; University of Illinois scan

https://libsysdigi.library.illinois.edu/ilharvest/Africana/Books2011-05/5530244/5530244_1920_1921/5530244_1920_1921_opt.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Currency section, printed/PDF pp.4–5; p.4 visually checked, including 31 July 1920 board transfer

Retrospective official account of instruments, not their complete original text. The 19 July proclamation date must not be assumed to be its effective date without the proclamation.

Government of Kenya; Laws.Africa Gazettes archive

https://archive.gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1921/ke-government-gazette-dated-1921-12-16-no-804.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Printed pp.1066–1067 / PDF pp.2–3 visually inspected: 10 August principal order, 7 November No.2 amendment and Kenyan commencement proclamation

Kenya commencement is not automatically Uganda or Tanganyika commencement. The same-date amendment replaces the principal order’s subsidiary-coin exception. First physical shilling issue and actual later demonetisation remain separate questions.

Republic of Kenya; Kenya Law

https://kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/act/1966/15/eng%401969-06-03

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Currency provisions, especially ss.22(4), 23 and 24, inspected in full HTML

Consolidated historical text, not the as-made Gazette. Section-specific original commencement notices and actual exchange-start/withdrawal notices remain uninspected.

Kenya Minister for Finance; Kenya Law

https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/act/ln/1966/253/eng%401966-08-23/source

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Complete one-page notice, printed p.1 / PDF p.3; publication and commencement header inspected

Version dated 23 August 1966. One-year interval runs from exchange start, which this notice does not date. It covers notes, not a universal coin withdrawal deadline.

Republic of Malawi; MalawiLII / Laws.Africa

https://media.malawilii.org/media/legislation/11844/source_file/ddc6b9796fc806be/1970-30.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Commencement table and ss.2, 15–17; printed pp.1, 4–6 / PDF pp.3, 6–8 inspected; payment table visually checked

Not an as-made copy: carries Fifth Revised Edition / L.R.O.1/2018 annotation. Original commencement notices and actual cash withdrawal/redemption endpoints are still needed. Threepence equivalent is written in words; malformed parenthetical numeral is not transcribed.

Deutsche Bundesbank

https://www.bundesbank.de/resource/blob/710190/bdb65d76a0d2f93425fdb54224dc87ef/472B63F073F071307366337C94F8C870/metadaten-en-data.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Title page and Zambia currency-history table, PDF p.269, directly inspected

Same edition/work family as S98 and same URL as S329. Not independent corroboration of those records. The label Rhodesian pound in the 1957/1964 sequence needs reconciliation with federal issuer/legal terminology. Full exchange law is not supplied.

Nicholas Krus and Kurt Schuler

https://sites.krieger.jhu.edu/iae/files/2017/04/Krus-Schuler_Currency_Board_Financial_Statements_2014.12.21.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Printed p.216 / PDF p.217 on Southern Rhodesia and Central Africa; earlier Kenya/EACB sections inspected as research leads

Same work as S189. Underlying 1938–1956 laws and annual reports were not inspected. Issuer succession is not automatically a new currency unit or an at-par domestic replacement.

United Kingdom

https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1963/2085/pdfs/uksi_19632085_en.pdf

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Title/commencement and s.1 on printed p.1; Part VI ss.66–70 on printed pp.24–25 visually inspected

Original conditional deadlines do not establish whether later powers were exercised, or the actual last tender/redemption dates. Federal political dissolution and bank dissolution are distinct events.

Bank of Zambia

https://www.boz.zm/currency/currency-history

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Substantive indexed opening and 1968–1974 sections inspected; direct page showed only a loading shell

Opening mentions a 1965 kwacha, conflicting with its detailed 1968 account. Do not adopt the erroneous-looking opening or certify the 1974 withdrawal claim without original notices.

Bank of Uganda

https://bou.or.ug/history_legacy

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Indexed institutional history and timeline entries for 1966–1967 inspected; direct page exposed no historical body

Issuer transfer is distinct from currency conversion. Timeline’s 1 April 1967 EACB-note withdrawal differs from the September date in an indexed IMF legal account; original Ugandan notice is required.

Joseph Gold; International Monetary Fund

https://www.elibrary.imf.org/display/book/9781455215935/ch004.xml

Claim-specific locators in evidence register

Indexed printed pp.115–116 on national East African currencies and former-board exchange inspected; full chapter retrieval returned 403

Statute summaries and regional 14 September 1967 withdrawal date are not substituted for the original territorial acts/notices. Conflicts with the indexed Bank of Uganda timeline remain open.

Council of the European Union

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31997R1103

Claim-specific register locators

Articles 2–5 inspected in downloaded body

ECU definition/presumption and contractual exceptions matter; arithmetic uses the published national-units-per-euro rate, not a rounded inverse.

Council of the European Union

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:01998R0974-20260101

Claim-specific register locators

Articles 1–16 and full 21-country annex inspected in downloaded body

Consolidation, not an as-made 1998 text. National short cash-withdrawal periods and every accession amendment were not individually audited.

Council of the European Union

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:01998R2866-20260101

Claim-specific register locators

Complete article 1 conversion table inspected in downloaded HTML; checked against ECB table

Article 2’s original 1999 commencement does not backdate later-added currencies. Country-specific dates come from the separate 974/98 annex.

European Central Bank

https://www.ecb.europa.eu/euro/intro/html/index.en.html

Claim-specific register locators

Opening paragraphs, adoption and all 21 conversion rows inspected

Territorial use and monetary agreements are distinct from euro-area membership. This page does not establish every territory’s historic conversion.

European Central Bank

https://www.ecb.europa.eu/euro/exchange/html/index.en.html

Claim-specific register locators

Table and Netherlands footnote inspected as at 11 October 2026

Summary only; series eligibility, exceptions and litigation require national issuer rules. Historical tender loss is not a redemption deadline.

European Central Bank

https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/pr/date/2026/html/ecb.pr260101~c830245e42.en.html

Claim-specific register locators

Opening release and conversion-rate paragraph inspected

Confirms implemented accession/cash launch, not every lev withdrawal or redemption rule.

Council of the European Union

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31994R3320

Claim-specific register locators

Preamble and article 1 component names inspected

HTML numeric table is malformed; no component weights are adopted from it. Basket membership is not evidence that each currency was replaced by the euro.

Council of the European Communities

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31975D0250

Claim-specific register locators

Preamble and articles 1–2 inspected

Specific basket EUA and aid scope; not a blanket identity with older gold-based European units of account. Metadata end date is not used in place of operative later legislation.

European Council

https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/20762/bruxelles_december_1978__eng_.pdf

Claim-specific register locators

Annex 1 sections 1.2 and 2.1–2.2, PDF pp.8–9, parsed text inspected

The 1 January 1979 start is a plan in this resolution; the later operational agreement is separately dated. EUA value/composition continuity does not imply retail banknotes.

Council of the European Communities

https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31980D1184

Claim-specific register locators

Preamble and articles 1–3 inspected

Sectoral substitution applies from 1 January 1981. It is not the ECU’s first creation or a universal 1981 replacement of every European unit.

Bank for International Settlements

https://www.bis.org/about/history/timelines

Claim-specific register locators

13 March 1979 entry inspected

Retrospective date of the signed EMS/ECU agreement; complete operating agreement and reserve-asset mechanics remain uninspected.

European Central Bank

https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/pr/date/2002/html/pr020228.en.html

Claim-specific register locators

Opening and exchange paragraphs inspected

Area-wide completion bound, not proof all twelve national currencies retained legal tender to the same day. Its redemption table is a 2002 policy snapshot.

European Commission, Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs

https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/euro/eu-countries-and-euro/germany-and-euro_en

Claim-specific register locators

Adoption and former-currency paragraphs inspected

Distinguishes legal tender from voluntary acceptance. Original national legal instrument not inspected.

European Central Bank

https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/other/cashchangeoverreport2002en.pdf

Claim-specific register locators

Executive summary printed p.7; planned national scenarios printed p.50 / PDF p.52 inspected

The p.50 table expressly records plans as at 20 December 2001. Dates are retained as planned, except Germany separately corroborated; no automatic actual-outcome claim.

Münzkabinett Berlin

https://ikmk.smb.museum/glossar?item=A

Aureus entry

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Heidelberg NumiScience

https://pecunia.zaw.uni-heidelberg.de/NumiScience/solidus

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Münzkabinett Berlin

https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18225774&lang=en

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Académie française

https://www.dictionnaire-academie.fr/article/A9D1354

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Académie française

https://www.dictionnaire-academie.fr/article/A9S2191

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Académie française

https://www.dictionnaire-academie.fr/article/A9L1075

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Münzkabinett Berlin

https://ikmk.smb.museum/object?id=18207570&lang=en

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Mark Blackburn

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/new-cambridge-medieval-history/money-and-coinage/D6096D91A94BC3BE117AD9F1ECB242CD

Franc handoff v2 reports: Publisher summary inspected; full chapter not inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

The Carolingian Economy

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/carolingian-economy/money-and-price-movements/43471673B7536D92C3D4E732238AE73C

Franc handoff v2 reports: Publisher summary inspected; full chapter not inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Jean Lafaurie

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/studies-in-numismatic-method/novi-denarii-and-forgery-in-the-ninth-century/8ABA06E0B808353EAB73AA12B8E328AB

Franc handoff v2 reports: Publisher summary inspected; full chapter not inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

BnF

https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb419325359

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Académie française

https://www.dictionnaire-academie.fr/article/A9T1658

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

BnF

https://expositions.bnf.fr/cnac/grand/cir_2321.htm

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Jean-Marcel Jeanneney

https://www.ofce.fr/pdf/revue/1-024.pdf

Printed p.6 / PDF p.2

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Banque de France

https://publications.banque-france.fr/sites/default/files/medias/documents/document-de-travail_422_2013.pdf

PDF p.15, footnote 7; 1796 date conflicts with S16

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Citéco

https://www.citeco.fr/10000-years-history-economics/industrial-revolutions/creation-in-france-of-the-franc-germinal

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Légifrance

https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/LEGITEXT000006060870

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

ECB

https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/pr/date/1998/html/pr981231_2.en.html

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

European Commission

https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/euro/eu-countries-and-euro/france-and-euro_en

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

BCEAO

https://www.bceao.int/fr/content/presentation-du-musee-de-la-monnaie

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

BCEAO

https://www.bceao.int/sites/default/files/inline-files/chronologie_des_evenements_marquants_de_l_histoire_de_la_bceao_et_de_l_umoa.pdf

Mali: PDF p.64; 1994: PDF p.77

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

French Treasury

https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/tresor-international/la-zone-franc/la-zone-franc-de-1939-a-aujourd-hui

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Légifrance

https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000000364836

Annex, Article 1: effective 12 January 1994

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

BCRG

https://www.bcrg-guinee.org/histoires-de-la-monnaie/

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

AFRISTAT

https://www.afristat.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/SE04_pubprix_tot.pdf

PDF p.92: Mali conversion

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Banque centrale des Comores

https://banque-comores.km/page/show/histoire

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Banque centrale des Comores

https://banque-comores.km/musee

Franc handoff v2 reports: Selected modern-history claims inspected; early coin claims not adopted; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

IEOM

https://www.ieom.fr/IMG/rapport_activite_ieom_siege_2020/index-28.html

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Swissmint

https://www.swissmint.ch/fr/questions-frequentes

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Banque centrale du Congo

https://www.bcc.cd/la-banque/histoire/historique-de-la-banque-centrale

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Banque centrale du Congo

https://www.bcc.cd/la-banque/histoire/histoire-des-signes-monetaires-congolais

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Citéco

https://www.citeco.fr/la-presse-a-assignats

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Charles Lelong

https://www.persee.fr/doc/racf_0220-6617_1971_num_10_3_1751?pageId=T1_322

p.322; DOI 10.3406/racf.1971.1751

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; reviewer reopened selected passages.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Musée départemental breton

https://musee-breton.finistere.fr/fr/notice/2018-0-889-denier-abbaye-de-saint-martin-de-tours-france-feodale-touraine-musee-departemental-breton-7e0a8f19-5d2f-4fca-8723-898c27695aa3

Inventory 2018.0.889

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Law of 18 germinal an III

https://www.taieb.net/auteurs/poidsmes/1795_04_17_loi.html

Articles V and VII; 7 April 1795. URL filename is misleading

Franc handoff v2 reports: Transcription inspected; independent host, not original facsimile; reviewer reopened selected passages.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

BnF

https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38639914g

Royales 776; FRBNF38639914

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Journal officiel, 26 December 1945

https://data.inafran.ru/files/Doc/France-West%20Africa/Dekret%20No45-0136%20ot%2025.12.1945.pdf

PDF p.2; signed 25 December, effective 26 December; Articles 1–3

Franc handoff v2 reports: Original gazette scan inspected visually through a mirror; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

US Treasury

https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GOVPUB-T63_100-91e6e57bad31be7e3c7dc30093171245/pdf/GOVPUB-T63_100-91e6e57bad31be7e3c7dc30093171245.pdf

PDF p.31; amendment dated 1 November 1972

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

US National Monetary Commission

https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/national-bank-belgium-643/fulltext

Passage on law of 5 June 1832

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Banque centrale du Luxembourg

https://www.bcl.lu/en/About/histoire_monetaire/index.html

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; reviewer reopened selected passages.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Banque de la République du Burundi

https://www.brb.bi/en/node/9/revisions/44/view

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Historical Dictionary of Switzerland

https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/047970/2014-02-18/

Helvetic Republic and federal monetary reform sections

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Association of African Central Banks

https://aacb.org/fr/book/export/html/319

Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; reviewer reopened selected passages.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Djibouti official gazette

https://www.journalofficiel.dj/texte-juridique/decret-n-n-49-374-le-decret-n-49-374-du-20-mars-1949/

Articles 1–2

Franc handoff v2 reports: Articles inspected; site dates it 20 March, conflicting with signed-decree date cited by treaty; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

French Senate

https://www.senat.fr/leg/1978-1979/i1978_1979_0192.pdf

PDF p.4 preamble cites decrees dated 17 March 1949; Article 7 separates entry into force from signature

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Morocco Bulletin officiel 2451-bis, 19 October 1959

https://www.sgg.gov.ma/BO/bo_fr/1959/bo_2451-bis_fr.pdf

Printed p.1613 / PDF p.2; dahir 1-59-364, 17 October 1959; Articles 1, 3–5

Franc handoff v2 reports: PDF pages 1–2 inspected visually; intermittent retrieval failures; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Légifrance

https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000000364800

Annex: 75 KMF per FRF, effective 12 January 1994

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Casimir Oye Mba, BEAC governor

https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1984/12/28/adhesion-de-la-guinee-equatoriale-a-la-banque-des-etats-de-l-afrique-centrale-et-a-la-zone-franc_3021633_1819218.html

Signed governor notice; changeover 2 January, exchange window 2–6 January 1985

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Jean Lafaurie

https://www.persee.fr/doc/ephe_0000-0001_1970_num_1_1_5479

p.341: Vernon 755, Mantua 781, winter 793/794

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant text inspected; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Revue belge de numismatique (1923)

https://en.numista.com/catalogue/catalogues/pdf/1923_2.pdf

Printed pp.20–21 / PDF pp.9–10: 1887 standard; PDF p.25: 1909 Belgian-note acceptance

Franc handoff v2 reports: Relevant monetary-law passages inspected in facsimile/OCR; unrelated colonial-era historical speculation not adopted; not independently reopened in this merge.

Use the imported claim scope and notes. Handoff acceptance is not a claim that every source was independently reread.

Eesti Pank Museum

https://www.eestipank.ee/en/museum/history-estonian-money

Estonian mark; first kroon; occupation; second kroon sections

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Estonian mark; first kroon; occupation; second kroon sections

The museum simplifies Soviet reforms. Record their existence, but do not infer a universal 1947 conversion rate or uninterrupted territorial use.

Eesti Pank

https://www.eestipank.ee/en/museum/history-eesti-pank

20 June 1924; 1 January 1928; November 1940 entries

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; 20 June 1924; 1 January 1928; November 1940 entries

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Kristīne Ducmane / Latvijas Vēstnesis

https://www.vestnesis.lv/ta/id/72078

5 March 2003 retrospective; quoted decisions Nos. 1, 2, 5, 7 and 8 of the Monetary Reform Committee

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; 5 March 2003 retrospective; quoted decisions Nos. 1, 2, 5, 7 and 8 of the Monetary Reform Committee

Official gazette retrospective quoting decisions; not separately retrieved original decision facsimiles.

Viesturs Pauls Karnups / Latvijas Banka

https://monetas.bank.lv/images/stories/pielikumi/publikacijas/citaspublikacijas/Karnups_EN.pdf

Indexed passage: 3 August 1922 Regulations on Money; 50 Latvian rubles per lats

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 13; Indexed passage: 3 August 1922 Regulations on Money; 50 Latvian rubles per lats

Full PDF retrieval failed; clear indexed historical passage used for the narrowly stated conversion.

Latvijas Banka

https://www.bank.lv/en/component/content/article/12875-we-will-look-back-to-the-past-performance-and-mark-future-challenges-celebrating-the-centenary-of-latvijas-banka?Itemid=151&template=tonga

Historical background paragraphs; 1940–1941 and restoration

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Historical background paragraphs; 1940–1941 and restoration

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Bank of Lithuania Money Museum

https://www.pinigumuziejus.lt/en/news/lithuanias-temporary-monetary-tokens-of-1991-1993

1991 commodity coupons; 1 May and 1 October 1992 paragraphs

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; 1991 commodity coupons; 1 May and 1 October 1992 paragraphs

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Bank of Lithuania

https://www.lb.lt/uploads/publications/docs/yearbook2002.pdf

Printed pp. 81–83: Main dates in the history of national banking

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Printed pp. 81–83: Main dates in the history of national banking

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Bank of Lithuania Money Museum

https://www.pinigumuziejus.lt/en/news/money-in-lithuania-during-the-first-soviet-occupation

Main text: November 1940; 90 kopeks; 25 March 1941

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Main text: November 1940; 90 kopeks; 25 March 1941

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Republic of Croatia / Narodne novine

https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/1994_05_37_682.html

NN 37/1994, decision 682, Article III; Article VI delegates launch date

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; NN 37/1994, decision 682, Article III; Article VI delegates launch date

Decision specifies ratio, but its signature/publication date must not be used as the actual currency launch.

Banka Slovenije

https://www.bsi.si/en/cash/the-story-of-the-tolar

8 October 1991 temporary notes; 30 September 1992 regular banknotes

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; 8 October 1991 temporary notes; 30 September 1992 regular banknotes

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Jaroslav Moravec / Czech National Bank

https://www.cnb.cz/cs/o_cnb/cnblog/Sbohem-padesatihaleri-sbohem-dvacetikoruno-cast-1

Opening historical overview of monetary units, 1892–1993

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Opening historical overview of monetary units, 1892–1993

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Czech National Bank

https://www.cnb.cz/export/sites/cnb/en/about_cnb/.galleries/publications/download/skladacka_CNB_neutral_EN.pdf

Monetary timeline on PDF page 2: 1919, 1939, 1945, 1953, 1993

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Monetary timeline on PDF page 2: 1919, 1939, 1945, 1953, 1993

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Dana Kancelová / National Bank of Slovakia

https://www.nbs.sk/_img/documents/_publik_nbs_fsr/biatec/rok1994/biatec_8_1994.pdf

Historical article: regulations 44 and 45/1939; 4 April 1939

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 13; Historical article: regulations 44 and 45/1939; 4 April 1939

Indexed article passage inspected; full issue not reopened in this batch.

National Bank of Slovakia

https://nbs.sk/o-narodnej-banke/ekonomicke-vzdelavanie/osobnosti-na-vyslni-i-v-tieni/julius-pazman/

Obnova československej meny: proposed ratios rejected; 1 November 1945 actual 1:1 unification

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Obnova československej meny: proposed ratios rejected; 1 November 1945 actual 1:1 unification

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Oesterreichische Nationalbank

https://www.oenb.at/en/die-oenb/geschichte-der-oenb/unternehmensgeschichte.html

Common ground; breakdown of old order; new beginning; Anschluss; Reconstruction

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Common ground; breakdown of old order; new beginning; Anschluss; Reconstruction

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Oesterreichische Nationalbank

https://www.oenb.at/dam/jcr%3A93070658-de80-4c76-81dd-83597697b827/ar_1998_tcm16-8010.pdf

Printed pp. 16–17, schilling history and chronological table

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Printed pp. 16–17, schilling history and chronological table

1925 start differs from March coin/cash milestones in other issuer accounts; year-level integration avoids falsely choosing one event for all purposes.

Oesterreichische Nationalbank

https://www.oenb.at/dam/jcr%3Ace436fa7-5b97-4792-ad42-ca45e7ab34f8/workshop_13_internet_tcm16-80904.pdf

Printed p. 413: two kronen per gulden; gulden notes remained legal until 1900

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 13; Printed p. 413: two kronen per gulden; gulden notes remained legal until 1900

Indexed full paragraph inspected; PDF body fetch failed.

Bank of Finland

https://www.suomenpankki.fi/globalassets/bof/en/publications/other-publications/bof200_part_1.pdf

Printed p. 229, Towards monetary reform: 1860 proclamation and 1863 replacement in accounts

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 13; Printed p. 229, Towards monetary reform: 1860 proclamation and 1863 replacement in accounts

Relevant indexed paragraphs inspected; full PDF fetch timed out. No claim of full-volume inspection.

Alpha Bank Numismatic Collection

https://www.alphapolitismos.gr/en/numismatic-collection/our-coins-and-banknotes/silver-drachma-of-king-otto/

The drachma as the new national currency: royal decree of 1833 and ancient name revival

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; The drachma as the new national currency: royal decree of 1833 and ancient name revival

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Alpha Bank Numismatic Collection

https://www.alphapolitismos.gr/en/numismatic-collection/our-coins-and-banknotes/silver-phoenix-of-kapodistrias/

Currency decision in 1828; minting in 1829; Spanish dollar value; Ottoman para displacement

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Currency decision in 1828; minting in 1829; Spanish dollar value; Ottoman para displacement

Coin inscription year differs from minting year. The page mixes decree/circulation terminology; separate those observations and avoid an exact day for first circulation.

Bank of Greece

https://www.bankofgreece.gr/en/the-bank/history/drachma/drachma-banknotes

Postwar issue: 11 November 1944

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Postwar issue: 11 November 1944

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Bank of Greece

https://www.bankofgreece.gr/en/the-bank/history/drachma/drachma-coins

1947/1954 historical section: postwar ratio and 1954 rescaling

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; 1947/1954 historical section: postwar ratio and 1954 rescaling

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Central Bank of Malta

https://www.centralbankmalta.org/site/Currency/Coinage-Malta-EN.pdf?revcount=4405

PDF pp. 14–15: British legal tender from 1825; Order coins withdrawn by 1886; 1972 change

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; PDF pp. 14–15: British legal tender from 1825; Order coins withdrawn by 1886; 1972 change

Scope is the cited historical passage; no claim of exhaustive lineage coverage.

Central Bank of Malta

https://www.centralbankmalta.org/site/excel/publications/CBM-50-Anniversary-Publication.pdf

Printed p. 135: pre-1968 currency notes; 16 May 1972 decimalization retaining pound

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 13; Printed p. 135: pre-1968 currency notes; 16 May 1972 decimalization retaining pound

Indexed page inspected; server refused full 97 MB document. Do not use issuer establishment as currency birth.

Eleni Zapiti / International Numismatic Commission

https://inc-cin.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/survey08-text.pdf

Printed p. 476, PDF p. 492: 1879 system; 1955 decimalization; 1983 cents

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 13; Printed p. 476, PDF p. 492: 1879 system; 1955 decimalization; 1983 cents

Scholarly survey by collection author, not separately examined royal decrees. Gradual unit derivation inferred; exact national-currency separation remains open.

Deutsche Bundesbank

https://www.bundesbank.de/en/statistics/economic-activity-and-prices/national-producer-and-consumer-prices/purchasing-power-comparisons-of-historical-amounts-of-money-795290

History of money section, paragraphs on 1873, 1914 and 1924

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; History of money section, paragraphs on 1873, 1914 and 1924

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Deutsche Bundesbank

https://www.bundesbank.de/resource/blob/607868/195d1b540a2053d42fe9f2b735835115/mL/das-papiergeld-im-deutschen-reich-data.pdf

Printed pp. 43, 107–110: Rentenbank notes; Reichsbank notes

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; Printed pp. 43, 107–110: Rentenbank notes; Reichsbank notes

PDF downloaded and relevant text inspected. Legal authorization, issue dates and note withdrawal are distinct milestones.

Deutsche Bundesbank

https://www.bundesbank.de/resource/blob/706190/ddf80f46a063f36065177cb012577e6e/mL/2002-03-circulation-mark-data.pdf

Printed pp. 19–21; especially footnotes 5–6 on p. 20

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; Printed pp. 19–21; especially footnotes 5–6 on p. 20

The extracted running text has a July/June error; use explicit effective date 21 June in the quoted Currency Act, independently matched by the timeline.

Deutsche Bundesbank

https://www.bundesbank.de/en/tasks/topics/dates-of-the-german-monetary-policy-detailed-version--626908

21 June 1948 and 1 July 1990 entries

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; 21 June 1948 and 1 July 1990 entries

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Bank of Russia

https://www.cbr.ru/eng/about_br/history/

1914, 1922–1924, 1947, 1992 and 1998 entries

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; 1914, 1922–1924, 1947, 1992 and 1998 entries

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Bank of Russia Museum

https://museum.cbr.ru/online-exhibitions/museum/en/index.html

From where the ruble went; Peter’s reform; Thaler rubles; Firm money; Witte’s reform

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; From where the ruble went; Peter’s reform; Thaler rubles; Firm money; Witte’s reform

Museum synthesis. Earliest mention is evidence of attestation, not a precise currency birth. No single ingot-to-modern exchange factor inferred.

Bank of Russia Museum

https://museum.cbr.ru/articles/iz-zhizni-assignatsiy-ili-pochemu-uprazdnili-assignatsionnyy-bank/

Sections 2, 5 and 7: copper redemption and 1839–1843 reform

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; Sections 2, 5 and 7: copper redemption and 1839–1843 reform

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Bank of Russia Museum

https://museum.cbr.ru/articles/kopeyka-takaya-izmenchivaya-i-postoyannaya/

Sections 1–2: 1535 unification and Peter’s coinage

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; Sections 1–2: 1535 unification and Peter’s coinage

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Banka Slovenije

https://www.bsi.si/sl/statistika/devizni-tecaji/zgodovina-deviznih-tecajev-1945-1998

Introduction and sources/methods: 1966, 1990, 1992, 1993 redenominations

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; Introduction and sources/methods: 1966, 1990, 1992, 1993 redenominations

1966 statistical effective date conflicts with August 1965 date in Serbian statistical table; retain a bounded reform period. Denar May 7 differs from Bundesbank May 10; use month precision.

Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia

https://pod2.stat.gov.rs/ObjavljenePublikacije/G2002/Pdf/G20026004.pdf

PDF p. 34, printed p. 33: Dinar denominations and parity tables

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; PDF p. 34, printed p. 33: Dinar denominations and parity tables

Contemporaneous official statistical compilation, citing National Bank of Yugoslavia. January 24 and January 26 rates differ; no timeless 1994 ratio.

Branko Hinić, Ljiljana Đurđević and Milan Šojić / National Bank of Serbia

https://nbs.rs/export/sites/NBS_site/documents-eng/publikacije/konferencije/seemhn_dctf/download/pdf/VII._SERBIA.pdf

Printed pp. 295–296 and 299: monetary unification and wartime partition

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; Printed pp. 295–296 and 299: monetary unification and wartime partition

PDF downloaded and passages inspected. The post-imperial crown is scoped to local successor circulation, not every imperial crown everywhere.

National Bank of Serbia

https://www.nbs.rs/sr/scripts/showcontent/index.html?id=19430&konverzija=no

21 December 2023; 1873 law, medieval naming and post-WWI retention

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; 21 December 2023; 1873 law, medieval naming and post-WWI retention

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

National Bank of Serbia

https://nbs.rs/en/novac-i-placanja/numizmatika_str/istorijat-novca/

Medieval money; Money of restored Serbia 1868–1918

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; Medieval money; Money of restored Serbia 1868–1918

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Anita Angelovska Bezhoska / National Bank of North Macedonia, hosted by BIS

https://www.bis.org/speeches/20200526-we-remain-consistent-maintaining-price-and-denar-stability

Address of 26 April 2020; opening historical paragraph and October 1995 strategy

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 14; Address of 26 April 2020; opening historical paragraph and October 1995 strategy

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Kerryn Pollock / Te Ara, Ministry for Culture and Heritage

https://teara.govt.nz/en/coins-and-banknotes/print

Varied coins and banknotes; Old money; British withdrawal in 1935

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; Varied coins and banknotes; Old money; British withdrawal in 1935

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Reserve Bank of Fiji

https://www.rbf.gov.fj/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Our-Currency-Story-Part-1.pdf

PDF p. 1: 1914 board, English coins and 1934 local coinage

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; PDF p. 1: 1914 board, English coins and 1934 local coinage

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Central Bank of Samoa

https://cbs.gov.ws/brief-history-on-the-central-bank

Opening two paragraphs: Bank of New Zealand and Bank of Western Samoa

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; Opening two paragraphs: Bank of New Zealand and Bank of Western Samoa

Source calls BNZ-issued money British pounds. Read as the locally circulating New Zealand pound system, not proof of direct London issuance.

T. T. Mboweni / South African Reserve Bank

https://www.resbank.co.za/en/home/publications/publication-detail-pages/speeches/speeches-by-governors/2001/200

Section 2: local pound and first SARB notes on 19 April 1922

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; Section 2: local pound and first SARB notes on 19 April 1922

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Hong Kong Monetary Authority

https://www.hkma.gov.hk/media/eng/publication-and-research/reference-materials/monetary/1-1.pdf

PDF pp. 2 and 4: silver-dollar basis, local 1866 issue and 1935 currency reform

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; PDF pp. 2 and 4: silver-dollar basis, local 1866 issue and 1935 currency reform

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Pankaj Tandon / CoinIndia

https://coinindia.com/galleries-suri.html

Introduction paragraph 4; dated Sher Shah rupee catalogue examples

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; Introduction paragraph 4; dated Sher Shah rupee catalogue examples

Original specialist catalogue. Rounded coin masses describe the reform, not an exchange rate. Late billon tanka is distinguished from earlier full-silver tanka.

Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge

https://data.fitzmuseum.cam.ac.uk/id/object/92252

Maker, dating 1454–1455 CE, material billon, catalogue D690

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; Maker, dating 1454–1455 CE, material billon, catalogue D690

A dated specimen anchors the Lodi billon-tanka family; it does not establish an invariant weight or exchange value across all later issues.

C. J. Brown

https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/75542/pg75542-images.html

Chapter IX, printed pp. 91–92: Humayun’s restored coinage and Mughal adoption of the Suri rupee

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; Chapter IX, printed pp. 91–92: Humayun’s restored coinage and Mughal adoption of the Suri rupee

Early numismatic scholarship based on coins and earlier catalogues. Use the explicit standard succession only, not the book’s outdated generalisations or an invariant empire-wide standard.

The Royal Mint

https://production.royalmint.com/stories/collect/numismatics/empire-to-independence-six-coin-rupee-set/

Introductory monetary history; William IV section; Victoria section

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; Introductory monetary history; William IV section; Victoria section

Mint-authored numismatic account accompanying a commercial set. Use historical passages only; no purchase recommendation. Bombay is one presidency input, not every local rupee.

Government of India, Ministry of Finance / Press Information Bureau

https://www.pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?lang=2&reg=48&relid=26527

Independence, Anna Series and 1957 decimalisation paragraphs

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; Independence, Anna Series and 1957 decimalisation paragraphs

Use explicit continuity of the rupee. The article’s opening broad age-of-coins statement and confused use of paise/pies are not adopted.

State Bank of Pakistan

https://www.sbp.org.pk/our-operations/rupay-ko-pehchano

Reserve Bank of India Issue; Government of Pakistan Issue

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; Reserve Bank of India Issue; Government of Pakistan Issue

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Reserve Bank of India Monetary Museum

https://systemhealth.rbi.org.in/Scripts/pm_persiangulf.aspx.html

Indexed museum body: separate Gulf-only note series and later withdrawal

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 15; Indexed museum body: separate Gulf-only note series and later withdrawal

Full page retrieval unavailable; substantive institutional indexed passage inspected. Gulf-only notes are distinguished from domestic Indian legal tender.

Michael Edo / International Monetary Fund

https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/024/1975/002/article-A009-en.xml

Indexed historical paragraph: 11 May 1959 issue and six-week changeover

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 15; Indexed historical paragraph: 11 May 1959 issue and six-week changeover

Direct HTML and PDF retrieval failed; only the indexed dated historical passage is used.

Central Bank of the UAE

https://centralbank.ae/en/about/about-cbuae/our-history/

1973 Currency Board entry: both replaced currencies

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 15; 1973 Currency Board entry: both replaced currencies

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Assemblée nationale / Hervé Gaymard

https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/13/europe/rap-info/i2270.asp

Annex 2, II.C.2, paragraphs on 25–26 December 1945

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Annex 2, II.C.2, paragraphs on 25–26 December 1945

Monetary separation from the metropolitan franc, not proof that every local predecessor was identical or that wartime circulation was uninterrupted.

Association of African Central Banks

https://aacb.org/fr/content/la-monnaie-malgache

Colonial period: 1896 French currency; law of 22 December 1925 establishing distinct Malagasy franc issues

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Colonial period: 1896 French currency; law of 22 December 1925 establishing distinct Malagasy franc issues

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Central Bank of Tunisia, Currency Museum

https://musee.bct.gov.tn/fr/collections

Monnayage du Royaume de Tunisie sous le protectorat français, 1891 reform

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Monnayage du Royaume de Tunisie sous le protectorat français, 1891 reform

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

United States Department of State / Samuel B. Ruggles

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1867p1/d313

Appendix No. 2, monetary convention of 23 December 1865, articles 1–5

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Appendix No. 2, monetary convention of 23 December 1865, articles 1–5

Use the treaty text and defined coin standard only. The report’s earlier account of English medieval money is not adopted.

Central Bank of Barbados

https://cdn.centralbank.org.bb/documents/2022-02-07-05-30-17-CBB-AR-2013.pdf

PDF page 2: sterling circulation, mixed dollar notes, BCCB succession in 1951

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; PDF page 2: sterling circulation, mixed dollar notes, BCCB succession in 1951

Regional succession compressed at family level; additional territorial issues remain expandable. No universal exchange rate inferred.

Central Bank of The Bahamas

https://cdn.centralbankbahamas.com/download/056058200.pdf

Panel: Bahamas Currency Board 1919–1968; issue and redemption against sterling

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 16; Panel: Bahamas Currency Board 1919–1968; issue and redemption against sterling

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Falkland Islands Government / National Archives

https://nationalarchives.gov.fk/jdownloads/Colonial%20Annual%20Reports/1911%20to%201930.pdf

1923 report, Currency: British sterling and local pound notes under the 7 March 1899 order

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 16; 1923 report, Currency: British sterling and local pound notes under the 7 March 1899 order

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Bank of Mauritius

https://www.bom.mu/AnnualReport/2020/BOM_June_2020.pdf

Page 124, Board of Currency Commissioners: Indian rupee legal tender 1876–1934; local note issues

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Page 124, Board of Currency Commissioners: Indian rupee legal tender 1876–1934; local note issues

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Banco de Guatemala

https://banguat.gob.gt/page/resena-historica-de-la-moneda-de-guatemala-0

Paragraphs on November 1924 reform, initial dollar equivalence and 60-peso conversion

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Paragraphs on November 1924 reform, initial dollar equivalence and 60-peso conversion

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Banco Central de la República Dominicana

https://repositoriocultural.bancentral.gov.do/bitstreams/452ddf30-bc60-4d23-aa08-eb3c88220f7b/download

Opening monetary reform account: peso issue from 23 October 1947 and conversion of US currency

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Opening monetary reform account: peso issue from 23 October 1947 and conversion of US currency

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Panamanian Legation / US Department of State

https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1935v04/d889

Quotation of articles I–II of 20 June 1904 monetary agreement

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Quotation of articles I–II of 20 June 1904 monetary agreement

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

United States Congress

https://www.govinfo.gov/link/statute/32/952

Section 1, Philippine gold peso and two-peso/one-dollar standard; sections 3, 5 and 7 on earlier coinage

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Section 1, Philippine gold peso and two-peso/one-dollar standard; sections 3, 5 and 7 on earlier coinage

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Banco Central de Nicaragua

https://bcn.gob.ni/los-descubrimientos-de-carmencita

Account of the 20 March 1912 law establishing the córdoba equal to the US dollar

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Account of the 20 March 1912 law establishing the córdoba equal to the US dollar

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Banco Central de Nicaragua

https://bcn.gob.ni/resena-historica-de-la-moneda-nacional

1878–1879 peso issues; 1912 law and 1913 circulation; 1988 and 1990 reforms

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; 1878–1879 peso issues; 1912 law and 1913 circulation; 1988 and 1990 reforms

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Banco Central do Brasil

https://www.bcb.gov.br/Pre/PEF/PORT/publicacoes_DinheironoBrasil.pdf

Printed pages 6–10: imported Portuguese and Spanish coins, 1642 revaluation, 1694 provincial recoinage

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Printed pages 6–10: imported Portuguese and Spanish coins, 1642 revaluation, 1694 provincial recoinage

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Banco Central do Brasil

https://www.bcb.gov.br/ingles/museu-espacos/refmone-i.asp?frame=1

Reform entries 1942, 1967, 1970, 1986, 1989, 1990, 1993 and 1994

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Reform entries 1942, 1967, 1970, 1986, 1989, 1990, 1993 and 1994

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Banco Central do Brasil, Museu de Valores

https://www.bcb.gov.br/content/acessoinformacao/museudocs/pub/SintesePadroesMonetariosBrasileiros.pdf

Réis entry: Portuguese origin, colonial circulation authorization in 1568 and 1942 conversion

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Réis entry: Portuguese origin, colonial circulation authorization in 1568 and 1942 conversion

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Banco de Portugal

https://www.bportugal.pt/sites/default/files/anexos/pdf-boletim/201010_boletim_notas_moedas.pdf

Page 5: real attributed to Duarte in 1435; 22 May 1911 escudo reform at 1000 réis

Relevant indexed passage inspected in revision 16; Page 5: real attributed to Duarte in 1435; 22 May 1911 escudo reform at 1000 réis

The 1435 attribution is used as an attestation by that year, not a claim that no earlier real coins existed. Medieval coin and account-unit epochs remain expandable.

Banco Central de la República Argentina

https://www.bcra.gob.ar/billetes-y-monedas-emisiones-anteriores/

Peso moneda nacional, peso ley, peso argentino, austral and peso sections

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; Peso moneda nacional, peso ley, peso argentino, austral and peso sections

The austral paragraph mislabels its predecessor as Peso Ley while using the peso argentino symbol. The chronological predecessor is checked against Bundesbank metadata; 15 June 1985 is the issuer’s effective date.

Banco Central de Bolivia

https://www.bcb.gob.bo/?q=content/26

29 June 1863 decimal monetary law: boliviano or peso fuerte and centavos

Relevant body passage inspected in revision 16; 29 June 1863 decimal monetary law: boliviano or peso fuerte and centavos

Only the cited passage is used; broader ancestry remains expandable.

Alessia Rovelli, in Rory Naismith (ed.), Money and Coinage in the Middle Ages (2018), pp. 63–92

https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/gdc/gdcebookspublic/20/20/71/56/36/2020715636/2020715636.pdf

pp. 65–66, 79, 81–82

Relevant substantive passage inspected in this revision

Coinage continuity supports a qualified seventh-century extension, not a complete local account sequence.

Michael Alram, Encyclopaedia Iranica VII/1, pp. 36–40

https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/daric/

Opening; Introduction; Metrology and denominations; pay paragraph

Relevant substantive passage inspected in this revision

Inventory mentions are not by themselves evidence of obligations denominated in the unit. Metrological details differ from Kroll.

Stefano Sgambati (2020), author manuscript

https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/24403/1/Sgambati%20-%20Historicising%20the%20money%20of%20account%20%28pre-proofed%20version%29.pdf

pp. 17–19

Relevant substantive passage inspected in this revision

Broad narrative through Bloch; not an independently dated local succession chain.

Patrologia Latina 89, cols. 809–810, transcription

https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Concilia_(PL_089)

IV, paragraph beginning Statuimus quoque; col. 809C

Relevant substantive passage inspected in this revision

Not a manuscript inspection. Read alongside the Capitularia dating record.

Capitularia, University of Cologne

https://capitularia.uni-koeln.de/en/capit/pre814/bk-nr-011/

Date table; transmission and editions

Relevant substantive passage inspected in this revision

Dating varies between 743 and 743–744; does not itself transcribe the payment clause.

Capitularia, University of Cologne

https://capitularia.uni-koeln.de/en/mss/ivrea-bc-xxxiii/

fols. 147v–148r, BK 135 c.2; catalogue dates text to 816

Relevant substantive passage inspected in this revision

The 40-denarius exception concerns Saxon/Frisian killing of a Salic Frank; not every interregional payment.

Fritz Mitthof, Chiron 39 (2009), pp. 193–208

https://publications.dainst.org/journals/chiron/article/view/398/5006

p. 203, receipts of 71/72–88 and P.Achm. 8 (197 CE)

Relevant substantive passage inspected in this revision

Documentary exchange attestations do not establish unit succession; primary papyri have not been independently collated here.

CHANGE, Centre for the Study of Ancient Documents, Oxford

https://change.csad.ox.ac.uk/inscriptions/item/item-1.27

I.Sardis I 1, I.2–10 and column II; third-century BCE dating

Relevant substantive passage inspected in this revision

Monetary metadata inspected, not the stone. Chrysous is not automatically a daric or a particular Macedonian coin.

Fordham Internet Medieval Sourcebook, after Cave and Coulson

https://sourcebooks.web.fordham.edu/source/750caroling-money.asp

797, chapter 11; 794 chapter 5

Relevant substantive passage inspected in this revision

Page labels the early Pippin text c.750; do not use that heading to override the critical date of 755.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q3, second paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q5, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Ancient Times; Issuance of Wado Kaichin, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q1, final sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q1, second sentence

S19: Summary D(i), Coinage-related artefacts, before-700 dating

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q3, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q3, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q3, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q3, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Early Modern Times; 17th Century Unification, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q4, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S07: 1661 (Kanbun 1); History of Japanese paper currency

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S08: 1868 (Keio 4); History of Japanese paper currency

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q6, first sentence

S08: Meiji 3 (1870); body text gives issue in 1872

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S08: Meiji 4 (1871); body text

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S18: PDF pp. 5–7; printed pp. 198–196; Figure b, items 1–4

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Early Modern Times; 17th Century Unification, unit list

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S05: Q3, second paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Early Modern Times; 17th Century Unification, official exchange-rate line

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S18: PDF p. 7; printed p. 196; Figure b, item 3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S19: Summary D(i), Coinage-related artefacts

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S19: Summary D(i), Coinage-related artefacts, stratigraphic argument

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S19: Summary D(i), Gold and silver

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S19: Summary C, East Bank Workshop 1

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S20: Printed p.1 (PDF p.5), opening discussion

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S21: Fuhon-sen discussion, sentence beginning 富本銭は

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S21: Kaiyuan Tongbao parenthetical date: 621年初鋳

S23: Object E-7569, 初鋳：唐・武徳４年(621)

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S22: Date 621年頃; ownership 個人蔵

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S23: Japanese object list, E-7569

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S24: 八尾町高善寺地内 section; 2,627 identified coins out of 11,884

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S25: Abstract, first paragraph

S35: Minting evidence; Radiocarbon-dating the Guanzhuang mint

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S25: Abstract, second paragraph

S35: Minting evidence; Radiocarbon-dating the Guanzhuang mint

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S26: Object period heading

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S26: Dimensions and weight line

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S27: Museum No.; Period; set caveat

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S28: Description, third paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S29: Abstract, final sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S29: Abstract, penultimate sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Ancient Times: Decline in usage

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Use of commodity money

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Disruption of the inflow of coins

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Inflow and spread of use

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Development of the commodity economy

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Erizeni

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S30: Object description; issue-date table

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S32: Printed pp.4–5, section 2.2.1

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S08: Meiji 4: Major events

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S08: Meiji 10: History

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S08: Meiji 14: History

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S33: History (3)

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Birth of the Bank of Japan

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: Establishment of the gold standard

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S32: Printed p.14, section 3.3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S32: Printed p.14, section 3.3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: From gold standard to managed currency

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: From gold standard to managed currency

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S32: Printed p.17, section 3.5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S32: Printed p.19

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S32: Printed p.21, section 4.2.1

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S32: Printed p.21, section 4.2.1

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S34: 1,000 Yen Note: Kitasato entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S31: Heading and issue-date table

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S31: Reverse image: English issuer inscription

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: 17th Century Unification

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S08: Meiji 3: History

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S08: Meiji 18: History

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S35: Minting evidence: clay cores

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S35: Radiocarbon-dating: combined sub-layers 1–4

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S35: Radiocarbon-dating: ceramic constraint and conservative estimate

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S35: Radiocarbon-dating: phase synthesis

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S35: Minting evidence: SP-2, T1712-2-3:5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S35: Discussion: final paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S36: Abstract, opening sentences

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S36: Abstract, concluding sentences

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S40: Opening sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S41: Banliang caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S41: Banliang caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S37: Main text paragraph 2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S37: Main text paragraph 2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S37: Main text paragraph 2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S42: Description, concluding sentence; CE year corroborated by existing C34

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S38: Object heading and period line

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S39: First descriptive paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S39: State of Chu heading and first descriptive paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S43: Printed p. 6

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S43: Printed pp. 6–8

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S44: Main paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S44: Main paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S41: 汉佉二体钱 caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S45: Feiqian/jiaozi comparison

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S45: Private jiaozi and iron money sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S45: Official jiaozi section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S45: Official jiaozi section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S46: Description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S41: 中统元宝交钞 caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S47: Chronology and rating

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S48: Description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S48: Opening sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S49: Inscription and final sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S41: 乾隆通宝背英文 caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S50: English preface, PDF p. 7

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S50: English preface, PDF p. 7

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S51: Paragraph following first archival illustration

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S50: English preface, PDF p. 8

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S50: English preface, PDF pp. 8–9

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S52: First-series section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S52: Second-series section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S51: Opening historical paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S51: Reform paragraph and introduction

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S51: Offshore-note paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S57: Articles 1, 2, 3, 6

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S53: Historical overview

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S53: Occupation paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S54: Opening paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S55: Entrada em Macau

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S56: Printed pp. 37–38

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S58: Historical background

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S59: Catalogue description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S60: Object date and description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S41: 宝通千年 section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S61: Foreign silver and reform paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S48: Description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S61: Monetization paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S63: Background paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S62: Object description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S62: Berlin glossary; CNB PDF p. 5

S64: Berlin glossary; CNB PDF p. 5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S65: Historical paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S66: Main description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S67: PDF p. 6

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S67: PDF pp. 9–10

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S67: PDF p. 19

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S67: PDF pp. 22–23

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S68: Reform chronology

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S69: Object NG-C-2019-31

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S70: Section 9, p. 248

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S70: Sections 11 and 20

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S71: First dollar paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S72: Continental issuance paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S73: Obverse transcription, nmah_1803808

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S74: Sections 3–4, pp. 139–140

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S75: 28 June 1834 and 18 January 1837 acts

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S75: 18 January 1837, sections 8–9

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S75: 21 February 1857, section 3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S76: Artifact description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S77: Acts and 1865 tax sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S75: 12 February 1873, sections 13, 15

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S75: 22 July 1876, section 2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S75: 28 February 1878, sections 1, 3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S75: 14 March 1900, section 1

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S78: Historical section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S79: 1933–1934 chronology

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S80: Closing sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S11: Printed p. 13 / PDF p. 19

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S11: Printed p. 24 / PDF p. 30

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S11: Printed pp. 24, 27

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S11: Printed pp. 24, 27

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S11: Printed p. 71 / PDF p. 77

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S85: PDF p. 2 / printed p. 19

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S81: Description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S82: Foreign coin section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S82: Straits section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S83: Minister’s reply

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S82: Malayan currency section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S82: Postwar section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S82: Occupation section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S82: 1967 transition

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S88: 1967 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S90: Agreement provisions; customary-tender paragraph

S89: Agreement provisions; customary-tender paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S88: 1973 entries

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S84: Spanish Era

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S84: American Period

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S84: Occupation and Republic sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S86: Object description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S87: Reform and minting paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S61: Foreign silver and reform paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S93: Box A

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S91: Introduction

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S92: Note Issue

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S94: Changeover exhibit

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S95: Opening chronology

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S96: 1976–1977 chronology

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S97: p. 145

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S97: p. 145

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: PDF p. 245

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S99: Decimalization

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S100: Early bank history

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S101: Past banknotes chronology

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S102: Historical peg paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: PDF p. 20

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: PDF p. 30

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S103: 1972 milestone

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S104: 1894 section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S105: Reform and exceptions

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S106: Introduction paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: PDF p. 171

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S107: PDF p. 4

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S107: Paper PDF pp. 4–5; press-release unification paragraph

S108: Paper PDF pp. 4–5; press-release unification paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S109: Background

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S110: Printed p. 5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S111: Printed p. 39 / PDF p. 40

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: PDF p. 78

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: PDF p. 188

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S12: Historical Note, opening

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S12: Historical Note, April and September paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S12: Box 1, folder 4

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S13: PDF p. 16, 0Fi-0000240/85–88

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S12: Historical Note, final paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S12: Box 1, folder 5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S12: Box 1, folder 6

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S13: PDF p. 15, 0Fi-0000240/82

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S13: PDF p. 15, 0Fi-0000240/102–103

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S125: Printed p. 3, articles V and VII; title dated 18 Germinal III

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S114: Law of 28 Thermidor III paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S114: The modern franc is born paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S112: Printed pp. 78–81

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S112: Printed p. 78

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S112: Printed pp. 58–59, articles I, VII and annex

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S113: 1716, debt conversion and collapse sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S116: MON C 003070-22, date and material

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S115: PDF p. 4, 1575 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S117: MON B 001506, creation context

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S118: MON B 001133, creation context and function

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S115: PDF p. 3, circa 1204 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S119: p. 45 opening

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S115: PDF p. 2, circa 770–790 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S120: Charlemagne background

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S120: Object 18245129

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S122: Merovingian transition paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S121: Object 18281843 and pseudoimperial background

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S122: Opening paragraph, 383/384 phase

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S123: Opening three paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S124: Ancient minting paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S126: p. 367, Le nom de Tours

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S126: p. 367, final paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S127: p. 136, final paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S127: p. 136, paragraphs on Philippe I and royal emissions

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S128: Object 18202176

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S129: Early Coins

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S129: King Croesus and Coinage Reforms

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S129: Persian continuation paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S129: Darius reform paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S129: Old Smyrna hoard paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S130: Refining evidence; Lydian Gold and Electrum: Final Questions

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S131: Description, final paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S132: pp. 143, 168, 176

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S133: Opening and Decimal Day

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S140: The pre-decimal system

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S134: 1931 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S135: Section 1(1)–(2)

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S134: 1797–1821 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S134: 1725 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S134: 27 July 1694 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S147: Historical introduction

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S136: Opening paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S137: Active involvement

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S138: Gold coinage

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S137: Warden section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S139: 1489 section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S139: 1526 and 1551–53 sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S140: Origins of pre-decimal coinage

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S140: Origins and sterling sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S141: Early pennies

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S142: Accepted manuscript pp. 1, 7–8

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S142: Accepted manuscript p. 7

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S142: Accepted manuscript pp. 26–27

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S143: Description and Dating

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S144: Maker, material and Dating

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S145: Printed p. 42

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S145: Printed p. 43

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S145: Printed p. 58

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S145: Printed pp. 67–68

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S145: Printed p. 38

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S146: Methods; early-period results; conclusion

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S146: Late-period results and conclusion

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S148: Monogram penny discussion

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S149: Printed p. 233

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S149: Printed p. 233

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S150: PDF p. 7, Penny of Richard I

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S150: PDF p. 7, Penny of Richard I

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S150: PDF p. 7, Penny of Richard I

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S150: PDF p. 7, Penny of Edward I

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S150: PDF p. 7, Penny of Edward I

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S150: PDF p. 7, Penny of Edward I

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S151: Printed pp. 101–102

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S151: Printed pp. 102–104

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S151: Printed pp. 102–104

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S142: Accepted manuscript p. 6 (PDF p. 7)

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S142: Accepted manuscript p. 16 (PDF p. 17)

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S153: Section 2, printed p. 90

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S152: Currency discussion and resolution 6

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S152: Description before the resolutions

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S154: Printed p. 111

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S155: Opening paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S154: Printed pp. 114–115

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S155: Viking coinage section

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S155: The Normans and their money

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S155: 1310–1460: Borrowed coins and forgeries

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S156: pp.90–91, footnote 34

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S156: pp.89–90, footnotes 29–30

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S156: p.91, footnote 37

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S156: p.91, footnote 37

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S157: sections I–III; assent 12 December 1862

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S158: sections I–III and VIII; assent 4 March 1865

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S159: preamble; sections 1, 2 and 4, pp.164–165

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S160: Currency, chapter 25, section 7, p.312

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S160: Currency, chapter 25, section 6, p.312

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S156: p.91, footnote 36; compare S161

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S161: The 20th century; Newfoundland currency: a collecting legacy

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S156: p.85, footnote 8

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S11: printed pp.23–24; PDF pp.29–30

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S166: Introduction, discussion preceding Figure 3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S166: footnote 3; relative priority is a synthesis of earlier scholarship

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S166: section “550 BCE–400 CE”

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S167: Period, Genre, Chronology, Provenance; P202124

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S168: curatorial reading, final paragraph; object dated c.20th–19th century BCE

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S169: curatorial reading, paragraph beginning “This sealed clay envelope”

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S162: Early Italian and Roman Republican Coinages

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S162: didrachmon specimen caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S162: quadrigatus specimen caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S164: commentary “Einführung des Denars”; compare S165

S165: denarius introduction paragraph, c.211 BCE

S162: early Roman coinage overview, 212 BCE

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S164: commentary “Das Währungssystem bestand”

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S163: paragraph “By the end of the Republic”

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S163: denomination equation preceding Caesar aureus caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S163: Debasement and Inflation; Caracalla passage

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S163: Diocletian reform and 301 denomination ratings

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S170: paragraphs on Alfonso VIII and maravedí design

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S170: object caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S171: “El sistema monetario castellano en el ocaso del siglo XV”, after Table 1

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S171: paragraph immediately following Table 1

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S171: Introduction; “Sáldese como se pueda”; discussion of gold quality

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S172: paragraph on the Spanish March

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S172: paragraphs following Spanish March discussion

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S175: curatorial description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S175: Artwork Details

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S177: Further information, opening paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S177: “Die neue Weltmacht”, first two paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S177: “Die neue Weltmacht”, paragraph on the reorganization

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S176: curatorial description and Artwork Details

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S178: paragraph beginning “One of the rare coins”

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S178: paragraph beginning “While we can only imagine”

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S173: opening interpretive paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S173: object caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S174: paragraph on the Nasrid and Almohad systems

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S183: paragraph on Alfonso X; displayed specimen caption

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S183: paragraph comparing Castile and Aragon

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: “From the middle to late 16th century”

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: medieval sections on imported coins and erizeni

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S06: “Middle of the 18th century to the 19th century”

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S181: Abstract, second paragraph

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S181: Abstract, final sentence; final clause is editorial implication

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S182: Abstract, section I

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S182: Abstract, section II; final clause is evidence-scope qualification

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S179: “Alloying of post-Qin coinage”, Table 1 discussion

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S179: Conclusions; final clause is editorial inference from study scope

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S179: historical overview, Three Kingdoms to Sui paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S179: Methods discussion; Conclusions

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S180: p.14, closing discussion and note 100

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S180: p.3, coinage overview

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S180: p.3, regional coinage sequence

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S165: denarius interpretation; final clause is editorial distinction

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S170: paragraph on Alfonso VIII’s Almoravid model

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S171: 1497 pragmática discussion preceding Table 1

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S174: object caption; final clause is evidence-scope qualification

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S177: Date, Mint and Object number fields

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S162: early Republican denarius caption

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S166: Introduction and 550 BCE–400 CE discussion; editorial inference about evidentiary limits

S167: Ur III silver-loan catalogue scope

S168: Old Assyrian loan document scope

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S172: closing paragraph on separate systems; editorial identity inference

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S177: Further information, reform sequence; editorial chronology inference

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S178: paragraphs on mint marks, acquisitions and movement; editorial evidence inference

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S181: Abstract, coin origin and locally differentiated circulation; editorial modeling inference

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S184: accepted manuscript pp.1 and 16, Abstract and Conclusion

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S184: accepted manuscript pp.15–16

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S185: Table S2, p.6; Figure S2, p.3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S185: Table S2, p.6, Beta-541069, 541065, 541068 and 532506

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S185: Table S1, pp.4–5; counted non-NA paired measurements

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S185: Figure S2 caption and complete seven-page supplement inspection

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S35: Radiocarbon-dating section and conclusion; compare S185 Table S2

S185: Table S2 and Figure S2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S186: section 1, printed p.109

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S186: section 11 and bracketed commencement note, printed p.111

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S186: section 1, printed p.109; lawful weight/fineness required

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S187: section 1, printed p.69

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S187: section 4, printed p.69

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S187: section 3, printed p.69; coin-specific tender, not all US instruments

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S187: sections 5–6, printed p.70; section 5 also aggregates notes presented together

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S187: heading and section 9, printed pp.69–70

S188: 10 November 1860 letter confirms act already operating

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S188: printed p.30, Thomas Graham to George A. Hamilton, 16 December 1861

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S188: printed p.27, governor’s letter and council memorandum of 10 November 1860

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S186: original heading and p.110 running header; compare S187 sections 4, 7–8

S187: sections 4, 7–8 refer to fifteenth regnal year

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S187: section 2, printed p.69

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S187: section 8, printed p.70; final clause is scoped editorial inference

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S189: p.244, chronology and legislation

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S189: p.245, notes paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S189: pp.244–245, exchange system

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S189: p.244, membership

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S189: p.244, citing 1967 and 1968 annual reports

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S189: p.244, citing 1973 annual report

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S189: p.112, citing 1965 and 1971–72 reports

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S189: p.244, formation rationale; final clause is editorial inference

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S190: A New and Independent Monetary Authority

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S190: Birth of the Cedi; reciprocal unit arithmetic

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S190: The New Cedi

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S190: The New Cedi

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S190: Currency Demonetisation

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S190: Birth of the Cedi; final clause is editorial inference

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S191: historical narrative, paragraph beginning On July 1st

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S191: same paragraph

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S191: 1963 republic and 1968 paragraphs; classification is editorial

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S192: opening paragraph; arithmetic from twenty-shilling pound

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S193: Redenomination introduction, explicit examples

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S193: Redenomination introduction, final paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S194: printed p.100, opening paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S194: printed p.100, opening paragraph; not proof of general legal tender

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S195: indexed evolution narrative, self-government paragraph

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S195: indexed national-coin paragraph; comparison with S189 p.112

S189: p.112, conflicting 18 February 1965 coin date

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S196: p.33, section 6.2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S196: pp.2 and 33, sections 6.1 and 6.3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S196: p.33, section 6.2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S196: p.33, section 6.2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S196: p.33, section 6.1; Gazette not independently inspected

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S197: p.4, New Money, Same Value

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S198: 23 July 1971 notice, Gambia paragraph, PDF p.25; duplicate at p.31

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S199: paragraph 34 and Box 5, pp.22–23

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S196: editorial synthesis of S190 1967 reform and S196 section 6

S190: The New Cedi, 1967

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S197: editorial synthesis of p.4 and S199 paragraph 34

S199: paragraph 34

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S189: editorial synthesis of pp.244–245

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S191: opening paragraph compared with S189 pp.244–245

S189: pp.244–245

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S200: s.2(1)–(2)

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S200: s.8

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S200: ss.9–11

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S200: s.5

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S200: ss.18–21 and 23

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S201: s.9(2)–(4), printed p.13; Part IV commencement annotation

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S201: s.9(3)

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S202: paragraph beginning 1970 saw; reciprocal arithmetic

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S202: same 1970 paragraph; by is retained as a bound

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S202: paragraph beginning In 1972

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S204: articles I–II

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S203: articles 1–4 and 13

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S203: article 5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S203: article 6(1)–(3)

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S203: article 7

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S203: article 12

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S105: De Surinaamse Dollar, withdrawal/exchange paragraphs; historical policy, not current availability

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S205: New Taiwan Dollar Issuance Rules, art.6, stamped leaf 86

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S205: art.6; scheduled deadline, not verified final deadline

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S205: art.7

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S205: art.5; relationship classification is editorial

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S205: arts.5, 6 and 8, stamped leaf 86

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S206: s.1(2)–(3); original Gazette not yet checked

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S206: Decimal Currency (Exchange) Notice, paragraph 2; reproduction qualified

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S206: Decimal Currency (Exchange) Notice, paragraph 3; reproduction qualified

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S206: Act heading and notice heading compared with displayed sections

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S207: commencement table, printed p.8; comparison with C191

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S207: s.21(4), printed p.21

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S207: s.21(4) and 1994 amendment annotation

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S208: ss.10, 16 and amendment annotations

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S209: both pages, especially earlier proposal and revised recommendations

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S210: printed p.1167, clauses 2–3; fractional table not transcribed

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S211: ss.2 and 24

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S211: s.36

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S211: ss.33–34

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S211: s.35

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S212: opening historical account; institution, not by itself cash launch

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S217: catalogue entries BOT B1–B4, PDF pp.3–4; issuer-hosted secondary evidence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S213: paragraph beginning With the establishment of individual Central Banks

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S213: paragraph beginning On April 10, 1967

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S213: national-currency transition paragraph; month precision

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S214: HC 30 May 1921, vol.142 cc.596–598, first policy paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S214: same statement, decision and Tanganyika paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S215: indexed opening sentence only

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S216: paragraph 1.4, printed p.1 / PDF p.9; final distinction is editorial

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S218: Opening two paragraphs, Introduction and permitted Soviet-note coexistence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S218: Opening two paragraphs, Introduction and permitted Soviet-note coexistence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S219: History paragraphs on 15 August 1992, 1 January 1994 and 2006 denomination

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S219: History paragraphs on 15 August 1992, 1 January 1994 and 2006 denomination

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S220: 1993 timeline entry, November 15

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S221: Opening national-currency paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S222: 29 November 2023 release, final historical sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S223: Other questions: What currency units were used before the sum? Four-paragraph answer

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S223: Other questions: What currency units were used before the sum? Four-paragraph answer

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S224: Press release, opening paragraphs on Regulation 63-P and 1 January 1999

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S224: Press release, opening paragraphs on Regulation 63-P and 1 January 1999

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S225: Opening currency paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S226: PDF pp.1–2, articles 1 and 9–11

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S227: Opening historical paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S228: Historical opening paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S229: Paragraphs on Decree-Law 655 and first banknote family

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S230: Paragraph beginning En noviembre de 1924

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S231: Opening paragraphs, first RD$1, RD$5 and RD$10 notes

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S232: One-page table, note beneath averages, dated 1 March 2001

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S233: Opening history, paragraphs on Pula Day and initial exchange period

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S234: Complete opening history, two paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S235: Currencies in circulation section, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S236: Unification of currency and post-unification timeline

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S237: Agora and New Sheqel Series opening paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S238: Opening banknote history

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S239: Introduction and final paragraph of History of Exchange

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S240: Pa'anga section opening

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S241: PDF p.23, English historical paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S242: PDF p.101, currency history paragraph and footnotes 2–4

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S243: A Nation's Currency is Born: The Lilangeni

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S244: Historical paragraph beginning South Africa continued; first decimal coin series

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S245: Opening first-series paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S246: Paragraph beginning Coins and, later, banknotes

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S247: Paragraph beginning At the beginning of 1981

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S248: Introductory history sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S249: PDF p.3, paragraph on 1965 reform

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S250: Printed p.8 / PDF p.9, monetary-separation paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S251: Appendix, PDF pp.32–33, unit conversion and monetary-standard paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S252: PDF p.2 opening

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S253: Opening historical paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S254: History, After Independence paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S255: Post-independence notable milestones

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S256: 1952 timeline entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S257: Mauritian Banking landscape, Order in Council sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S258: Paragraph on Hatta's broadcast, 29 October 1946

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S259: 1962 reform opening paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S260: First two history paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S261: PDF p.69, Sadar Mulukikhana issuance paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S262: PDF pp.4–5, section 2 and Table 2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S263: Opening paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S264: Complete short historical entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S265: Creation of the Currency Board, final three paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S266: PDF p.21, Le Franc Pacifique

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S267: Historique and parity table

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S267: Historique and separate western/central issuing-zone description

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S268: Indexed paragraph beginning No dia 1º de julho de 1994

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S269: Indexed articles 1–2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S270: Indexed opening, title says 18-VI-91 despite IV in URL

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S271: Indexed paragraph on dissolution of Qatar–Dubai board and Law 7

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S272: Indexed paragraph beginning Subsequently, in 1972

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S273: Indexed monetary-reform paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S274: Indexed paragraph beginning Monetary reform commenced in 1974

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S275: Indexed opening paragraphs, 1947 Order and emergency series

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S276: Indexed modern-hryvnia paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S277: Indexed printed p.176, III. Lancement du franc congolais, legal framework

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S278: Indexed dated announcement, opening paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S279: Indexed announcement heading and repeated opening dated paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S280: Indexed Historical Introduction, first-banknote sentence

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S281: Indexed complete short introductory paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S282: Indexed section X, Exchange System and Exchange Rate Arrangements

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S283: Indexed currency-history paragraph, liberated kip conversion

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S284: Indexed introductory paragraph, Currency Note Order

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S285: Indexed opening of reproduced central-bank communiqué

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S286: PDF p.45, Currency Issue paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S287: PDF p.10, key dates, 1959 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S288: One-page issuer history, last paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S289: Evolution of Lebanese Currency, 1964 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S290: First two history paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S291: Paragraph on introduction of national currency

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S292: Complete official catalogue record and legal abstract

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S293: Final historical paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S294: PDF p.11, exchange-rate history

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S295: PDF pp.3–4, articles 4–6

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S296: PDF pp.3–4 and 8, legal background and conversion plan

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S297: 1902 Banknotes section, final two paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S298: Paragraph on financial independence and national currency

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S299: Bank-e Melli section, first note series

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S300: Final historical paragraphs, 1994–2003

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S301: PDF p.28, note to banking table

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S302: Opening National Currency paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S303: Paragraph beginning A moeda nacional, o Kwanza

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S304: PDF p.45, La tradición industrial del Banco de la República

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S305: PDF pp.4–5, early paper money history

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S306: Exchange timetable and exchange-rates sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S307: 21 October 2021 dialogue, paragraph beginning While implementing a currency reform

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S308: Monetary reform act and first togrog issue paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S309: 1936 ordinances and 1974 Currency Act paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S310: 31 December 2025 report of Decree 293/2025, effective date and conversion provisions

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S311: PDF p.38, currency reform note

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S312: Printed p.140 / PDF p.158, exchange-rate table footnote

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S313: PDF p.43, translation of articles 1–2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S314: PDF p.7, articles 3–7

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S314: PDF p.7, articles 3–7

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S315: PDF pp.8–9, 23 November 1979 agreement, articles 4, 6 and final entry-into-force clause

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S316: Indexed passage on BERB issues overprinted Burundi

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S317: Indexed institutional milestones, 1977 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S318: Indexed first banknote-series paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S319: Indexed Republic India Coinage historical paragraphs

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S320: Indexed table footnote, p.24

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S321: Indexed paragraph on 1995 redenomination

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S322: Indexed article 1

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S323: Public indexed decree opening and denomination clause

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S324: Indexed paragraphs 168–169, printed p.99, corroborated by indexed eLibrary chapter

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S325: Indexed monetary-history passage on first loti issue

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S326: Indexed statistical-table footnote on denomination

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S327: Indexed Union Bank and Currency Board history paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S328: Indexed contemporary 1964 passage on separate banks and currencies

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S329: PDF p.209, Samoa, currency history

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S329: PDF p.267, Yemen, 1990 currency-history entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S330: Variable description, conversion instruction

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S331: PDF pp.4–5 / printed pp.512–513, articles 2–7 and final provision four

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S332: Indexed printed p.3, heading and sections 3–4

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S333: Amendment 170, one-page VES/VED explanation; species distinction is editorial

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S334: Preamble, printed p.161; 1898 original not inspected

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S334: art.4(1)–(2), printed p.162

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S334: art.5(2), printed p.162

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S334: arts.14 and 16, printed pp.163–164

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S334: arts.22–25, printed p.165

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S334: art.13, printed p.163; final classification editorial

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S335: Currency, printed pp.4–5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S335: printed p.5, first paragraph

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S335: printed p.4, paragraph under Currency; date visually confirmed

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S335: printed p.5, 11 May and 29 December entries

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S336: Proclamation 177, printed p.1066

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S336: 10 August 1921 order, art.5(2)–(3), printed p.1067

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S336: art.9(3), printed p.1067; subsidiary exception must be read as amended

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S336: No.2 order, arts.2–3, printed p.1067

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S336: principal order art.9(2), Proclamation 177; editorial scope

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S336: principal order art.5(1), printed p.1067; editorial classification

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S337: s.23, historical version at 3 June 1969

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S337: ss.22(4) and 24

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S338: Complete operative notice, printed p.1 / PDF p.3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S339: commencement table, printed p.1 / PDF p.3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S339: s.15(1)–(3), printed p.4

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S339: s.16(1)–(2), printed p.5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S339: s.17, printed p.6

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S339: s.16 table 2, printed p.5; words checked visually; final inference editorial

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S340: Zambia, Currency history, PDF p.269; terminology limitation explicit

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S340: Zambia, Currency history, PDF p.269

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S340: Zambia, Currency history, PDF p.269; compare C578/S312

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S340: 1968 and 2013 Currency history rows; editorial identity decision

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S341: printed p.216 / PDF p.217, Name/headquarters/dates

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S341: printed p.216, introductory history; underlying records pending

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S341: printed p.216, successor institutions; modeling qualification

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S342: s.1, printed p.1, read with s.66

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S342: s.66, printed p.24; conditional legal schedule, actual notice not inspected

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S342: s.66, printed p.24; scope inference

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S342: s.70(1)–(2), printed pp.24–25

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S343: opening History paragraph compared with Currency Structure 1968–1974; indexed-only

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S343: Currency Structure 1968–1974, final withdrawal paragraph; indexed-only

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S344: timeline entries 15 August 1966 and 2 January 1967; indexed-only

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S344: timeline entry 1 April 1967; indexed-only, conflict with S345

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S345: printed pp.115–116, national currency transition; indexed-only

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S346: art.2(1), (3)

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S346: art.3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S346: art.4(1)–(3)

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S346: arts.4(4) and 5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: arts.1, 1a, 2–3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: arts.5–8

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: arts.9 and 15; consolidation, amendments not backdated

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: art.16

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S349: opening Our money paragraphs

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S352: art.1 component names, not malformed numeric weights

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S353: arts.1–2

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S353: preamble

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S354: Annex 1, sections 1.2 and 2.1, PDF pp.8–9

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S356: 1973–1993 timeline, 13 March 1979 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S355: arts.1 and 3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S349: opening Our money paragraph

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S357: opening release, read as area-wide bound

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S350: Time limits rows France and Croatia; inspection 11 October 2026

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S350: Netherlands row and footnote; inspection 11 October 2026

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S351: opening release

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Austria currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Austria row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Belgium currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Belgium row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Germany currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Germany row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Spain currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Spain row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Finland currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Finland row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, France currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, France row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Ireland currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Ireland row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Italy currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Italy row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Luxembourg currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Luxembourg row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Netherlands currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Netherlands row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Portugal currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Portugal row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Greece currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Greece row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Slovenia currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Slovenia row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Cyprus currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Cyprus row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Malta currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Malta row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Slovakia currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Slovakia row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Estonia currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Estonia row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Latvia currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Latvia row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Lithuania currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Lithuania row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Croatia currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Croatia row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S348: art.1, Bulgaria currency row; exact decimal retained

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: Annex, Bulgaria row; arts.2–3 provide substitution

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S358: Adoption of the euro paragraph

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S359: printed p.50 / PDF p.52, table heading and last-tender row

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S347: arts.2–3 and Annex; editorial representation

context_only · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S360: Aureus entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S360: Aureus entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S360: Aureus entry

S361: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

qualified · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S366: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S367: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S366: Object 18207570

qualified · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S367: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S362: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S363: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S364: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S365: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S370: S56, p.341

S408: S56, p.341

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S369: S56, p.341

S408: S56, p.341

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S365: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S368: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S392: p.322; CAROLVS / SCI MARTINI; 1.31 g

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S392: p.322

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S392: p.322

qualified · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S392: p.322; DOI 10.3406/racf.1971.1751

S393: Inventory 2018.0.889

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S393: Inventory 2018.0.889; SCS MARTINVS / TVRONVS CIVI

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S127: p.136

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S127: p.136

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S371: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S127: p.136; DOI 10.3406/ccmed.1970.1852

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S117: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S372: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S372: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S395: BnF catalogue date, Royales 776

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S115: PDF p.4, 1575 entry

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S117: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S394: Articles V and VII; 7 April 1795. URL filename is misleading

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S394: Article V; decimal subdivisions, Article VII

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S373: Printed p.6 / PDF p.2

S374: PDF p.15, footnote 7; 1796 date conflicts with S16

qualified · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S373: Printed p.6 / PDF p.2

S374: PDF p.15, footnote 7; 1796 date conflicts with S16

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S375: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S376: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S377: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S378: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S378: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S378: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S391: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S383: Période coloniale

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S396: Articles 1–2

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S396: Article 3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S396: PDF p.2; signed 25 December, effective 26 December; Articles 1–3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S396: PDF p.2; signed 25 December, effective 26 December; Articles 1–3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S387: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S267: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S267: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S267: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S379: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

qualified · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S381: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S267: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S380: Mali: PDF p.64; 1994: PDF p.77

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S382: Annex, Article 1: effective 12 January 1994

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S267: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S381: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S381: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S387: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S383: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S397: PDF p.31

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Guinea, PDF p.105

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Mali, PDF p.157

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S380: S43, PDF p.157; S28, PDF p.92

S384: S43, PDF p.157; S28, PDF p.92

S98: S43, PDF p.157; S28, PDF p.92

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Mauritania, PDF p.160

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Mauritania, PDF p.160

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Guinea-Bissau, PDF p.107

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S407: Governor’s notice published 28 December 1984

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S402: Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S402: Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S402: Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S402: Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S402: Colonial currency, 1963, and 2003–2005 sections

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S385: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S385: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S315: PDF pp.8–9: agreement signed 23 November 1979, Articles 4, 6, 8, 10, 12

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S315: Article 8; Article 12 governs entry into force

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S315: S53, PDF p.13

S406: S53, PDF p.13

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S381: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S385: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

qualified · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S396: PDF p.2; signed 25 December, effective 26 December; Articles 1–3

S253: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S403: Articles 1–2

S404: PDF p.4 preamble cites decrees dated 17 March 1949; Article 7 separates entry into force from signature

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S253: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S401: Helvetic Republic and federal monetary reform sections

supported_inference · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S401: Helvetic Republic and federal monetary reform sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S388: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S401: Helvetic Republic and federal monetary reform sections

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S388: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S398: Passage on law of 5 June 1832

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S398: 1865 convention discussion

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S398: Passage on law of 5 June 1832

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S398: Passage on law of 5 June 1832

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S399: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S399: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S399: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S399: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S377: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S377: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S389: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

S409: Printed pp.20–21 / PDF pp.9–10: 1887 standard; PDF p.25: 1909 Belgian-note acceptance

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S409: Printed pp.20–21 / PDF pp.9–10

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S409: PDF p.25

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S390: S43, PDF p.57

S98: S43, PDF p.57

qualified · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S389: S43, PDF p.57

S98: S43, PDF p.57

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S390: S43, PDF p.57

S98: S43, PDF p.57

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Burundi, PDF p.41; Rwanda, PDF p.203

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Rwanda, PDF p.203

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Burundi, PDF p.41

S400: Burundi, PDF p.41

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Algeria, PDF p.5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Algeria, PDF p.5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S405: Dahir 1-59-364, Articles 3–5

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Tunisia, PDF p.247

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S396: Article 3

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S98: Vanuatu, PDF p.261

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S379: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S379: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S379: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S379: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S385: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S385: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S385: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S385: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.

supported · Inherited v17 record, not independently rechecked in this revision

S400: Named short source page; relevant history/definition passage as reported in the handoff.